About site: Programming/Languages/Oberon/Compilers - Jacob
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Title: Programming/Languages/Oberon/Compilers - Jacob Small Oberon-2 compiler for Linux.
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Jacob - Oberon-2 compiler for Linux

JACOB

(Just A Compiler for OBeron-2)Version 0.25/31/98Ralf Bauer (nathan@cs.tu-berlin.de)Max Spring (sepp@cs.tu-berlin.de)Mailing list jacob@employees.org:To subscribe send an email to majordomo@employees.org containingsubscribe jacob your-addressin the body (subject doesn't matter).To mail to the mailing list send to jacob@employees.org.The package:jacob-v0.2.tar.gzjacob-v0.2-src.tar.gzNotes on the source code:You needThe Modula-2 compiler Mocka 9605The compiler-compiler toolbox Cocktail 9209The backend generator Beg 1.75Look into the file 'env' for the environment variable settingsAsk me...

Introduction

This is the second public release of our Oberon-2 compiler Jacob. Jacob (asthe name says ;-) is a stand-alone Oberon-2 compiler under Linux. It compiles asingle Oberon-2 module together with its imported modules and links all thestuff together to an executable program whose name is the module name.As the practical result of our diploma thesis, Jacob owes its existance fromthe use of compiler generating tools: The front-end was generated with theCompiler Construction Tool Box "Cocktail" (Version 9209) of Dr. J. Grosch. Inparticular the tools Rex, Lalr, Puma, Ast and Ag were used. For the back-end weused Beg (Version 1.75) of H. Emmelmann to produce GNU assembler code.There is still a lot of debug code in Jacob so the execution speed is notoptimal. The various command-line options allows tracing of the compile phaseand looking at intermediate results which are often hidden within a compiler.

Features

Jacob implements the full Oberon-2 language as reported in"The Programming Language Oberon-2" (March 1995).External modules allow to write library modules in other Languages.Instead of an explicit dispose function a garbage collector is implementedusing the mark-and-sweep algorithm.Command-line options for enabling and disabling NIL, index, rangeand assertion checks.

Implementation extensions/restrictions

Filename extension of Oberon-2 source modules is .ob2The underscore character is legal in identifiers.The maximum length of identifiers is 255.Procedures can be nested up to a maximum of 30.A type extension hierarchy can have a maximum depth of 8.The difference between the smallest and the largest case label may not begreater than 4096.SYSTEM.NEW is only valid for pointers which base type doesn't contain anypointer.

Disclaimer

This product includes software developed by the GMD Karsruhe and itscontributors.This software package is FREE, so you can do with it whatever is in your mind,BUT: whatever you do with this package, YOU are responsible and you do it ONYOUR OWN RISK. This simply means we disclaim warranties of any kind.Because of the early version of Jacob it is definitely possible that there arebugs in the implementation. If you find one (or several) don't despair. Pleaselet us know about it (see section Bug Report below).

Requirements

Jacob only requires the GNU assembler as. We use version 2.2 (i486-linux).

Installation

Un-tar the package wherever you want (/usr is recommended).This will result in the subdirectory tree:jacobjacob/libjacob/sysjacob/testIf you decide to use a home directory other than /usryou have to edit the script files oc and sys/oc.linker andto adjust the directory specifications in these scripts.Copy, move or link the script oc into a directory which is includedby your PATH environment variable.To test your installation change the current work directory tojacob/test, compile the Test module by "oc Test". This will alsogenerate the object files of the library modules, if you havewrite permissions to jacob/lib.

Invocation

By typing jacob -h you get the usual description of the usage with a shortexplanation of the available command-line options.Assembler and object files are written into the directory whichcontains the source file.

Library Modules

We have (up to now) implemented a (very) quick'n'dirty set of library modules.These are:Errno: constants for the Linux error numbersFIO: file i/o (TopSpeed Modula-2 inspired)In: input of some basic typesLib: some helping procs (TopSpeed Modula-2 inspired)Out: output of some basic typesStorage: heap and garbage collector functionsSysLib: interface to the linux osRawFiles: basic file i/oLib: command-line arguments, random numbers and othersStr: string Handling (TopSpeed Modula-2 inspired)

Bug Report

If you find an error in the implementation or you have comments regardingJacob, PLEASE send it to us. Help us to improve Jacobby sending e-mail to the following address:sepp@cs.tu-berlin.deIt is useful to send a small example program which shows the bug.

Future Work

As future work we plan:A hand-written front-end which is implemented using Jacob itselfMore sufficient library modulesThe use of symbol files to speed up the import stageAn improved memory management

Changes from Version 0.1.1 to 0.2

Scanner recognizes an identifier with a length greater 255 andemits an appropriate error message instead of dumping its core.Fixed this bug in the code generator which caused the message"Str.s:1104: Error: register does not match opcode suffix"when compiling lib/Str.ob2.Source code is also available.

Changes from Version 0.1 to 0.1.1

Small bug fix: Changed /lib/elf/ld-linux.so.1 to /lib/ld-linux.so.1

Changes from Version 0 to 0.1

Jacob runs now as ELF executable and produces ELF output.External modules (former "foreign" modules):Changed syntax (with respect to the Oakwood Guidelines):Module = MODULE ident ';' [ImportList] DeclSeq [BEGIN StatementSeq] END ident | XModule ....XModule = MODULE ident EXTERNAL '[' string ']' ';' [ImportList] XDeclSeq END ident '.' .XDeclSeq = { CONST {ConstDecl ';'} | TYPE {TypeDecl ';'} | VAR {VarDecl ';'} | PROCEDURE IdentDef [XFormalPars] ';' } .XFormalPars = '(' [XFPSections] ')' [':' Qualident] .XFPSections = FPSection {';' FPSection} [';' '..'] .External modules are identified by the keyword EXTERNAL following themodule's name. The following bracket-enclosed string will be passedunchanged to the linker.Constants, types, variables and procedures may be declared in any order.This allows grouping of types and functions which belong together,e.g. for writing interfaces for large libraries. Type-bound proceduresaren't allowed.A procedure declaration consists only of the procedure header. The lastformal parameter of a non-empty formal parameter list may be '..', inwhich case any non-empty actual parameter list starting at thecorresponding position is legal.Changed parameter passing mechanisms for external procedures:No hidden parameters (type tags, array lengths) will be passed.The following "objects" will be passed according the kind/type ofthe formal/actual parameter ('..' is treated like an open-arrayvalue parameter):formal parameter | actual parameter | passed object===================================================================variable parameter | any | address of actual | | parameter-------------------------------------------------------------------non-open-array value | any | value of actualparameter | | parameter-------------------------------------------------------------------open-array value | character constant; | address of actualparameter | string constant; array | parameter-------------------------------------------------------------------open-array value | SYSTEM.BYTE; SYSTEM.PTR; | value of actualparameter | BOOLEAN; CHAR variable; | parameter | SET; integer type; real | | type; NIL; pointer, | | procedure or record type |-------------------------------------------------------------------.. | character constant; | address of actual | string constant; array | parameter-------------------------------------------------------------------.. | SYSTEM.BYTE; SYSTEM.PTR; | value of actual | BOOLEAN; CHAR variable; | parameter | SET; integer type; real | | type; NIL; pointer, | | procedure or record type |---------------------+--------------------------+------------------External variables declarable and accessible.There are no type descriptors for records.If external procedures are assigned to procedure variables, theprogrammer should exactly know what (s)he's doing...Code improvements:Displays in stack frames are more compact.Jump optimization (not only) for boolean short-circuit.Improved memory handling at compile-time.New command line options.Various bug fixes:Comparison of two function results with a real type.Recompilation if a indirectly imported module is younger thanthe client module.A SYSTEM.VAL at a variable parameter position gets now coded correctly....Library modules:argc, argv, env and errno now directly accessible through module SysLib.Last modified: Sat Jan 2 19:08:15 PST 1999
 

Small

Oberon-2

compiler

for

Linux.

http://user.cs.tu-berlin.de/~sepp/jacob/00wurzel.html

Jacob 2008 October

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Small Oberon-2 compiler for Linux.

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