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Title: Programming/Compilers - Softpanorama Bookshelf / Compiler Construction Reviews of compiler books, with links to Amazon just in case you want to buy one
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Compiler Construction

News Separation of lexical aspects, syntactic aspects and semantic aspects of the task proved to be a very fruitful approach.  Moreover OO technology can be to a certain extent considered as a rather primitive implementation of the compiler-compiler paradigm -- extending the language dynamically. Lexical analysis phase should be IMHO better coded by hand and it can do some look ahead in order to simplify the next phase: syntax analysis. Actually even if you deal with the simple, regular lexical structure you do not need to use Lex of similar tools to generate lexical scanner. Hand written scanners are simpler, more powerful and more flexible.  Moreover usually lexical analyzers can use advanced instructions for a particular architecture (like tr) so mixture of C and assembler is the best way to go. But as for syntactic analyzers,  using something like YACC can improve reliability of program and can be recommended. YACC has some debugging capabilities and you can ask questions and probably get answers in comp.compiler group. Compilers does not exist as an isolated phenomenon -- a lot depends on hardware in hand and programming language in hand. So books on assembler actually belong to this category. You need at least one good assembler book if you plan generate assembler code or even more if you plan generate object code ;-) Compiler writing produced several interesting algorithms including  algorithms on directed graphs -- a very fascinating area. I hope that Donald Knuth will eventually write a volume devoted to compiler construction. This area definitely needs a giant.  Meanwhile combination of Gries' book and Aho and Ullman's  books (plus a couple of more modern books) can probably serve you as a substitute of this inexistent volume of the Art of Programming.  Although this area is semi-forgotten, one active software development paradigm related to compiler technologies is so called program generation and generator programming pattern ;-). There are several books related to this topic. The last part and the most complex part of compiler writing is the code optimization and here a tree representation can be extremely useful. I strongly recommend to try peephole optimization as the first method.  It was introduced in the paper McKeeman, W.M. Peephole Optimization. CACM 8 (July 1965), p 443-444. See also Aho, Alfred V., Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman. "Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools". Addison Wesley, 1986. Peephole optimization is a method to improve the quality of the program by examining a short sequence of target instructions. The peephole is a small moving window on the target program. Instructions in the peephole are optimized only considering the instructions in the peephole. Peephole optimization is applied over the target program, moving the peephole window. It can also be defined as the pattern matching and conditional replacement performed on small sections. (see Vicki H. Allan. Peephole Optimization as a Targeting and Coupling Tool, page 112-121 1989, ACM Proceedings of the 22nd annual international workshop on microprogramming and micro architecture). Among other things it includes (see Subject D1 Peephole Optimization and Optimal Code Generation): redundant-instruction elimination like in (1) MOV R0, a (2) MOV a, R0   # Whenever (2) is executed right after (1), it is redundant.   flow-of-control optimizations like simple dead code elimination in: debug = 0; if (debug) { print debugging information } algebraic simplifications (like in i=i+0) use of machine idioms See  Peter B. Kessler  "Discovering Machine Specific Code Improvement", Sigplan Notices, July 1986. pp 249-254 and a related paper by Massalin in ASPLOS '87: Superoptimizer --- A look at the smallest program. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS II), Oct. 1987, IEEE: Abstract: The superoptimizer is a tool that, given an instruction set, finds the shortest program to compute a function. Startling programs have been generated, many of them engaging in convoluted bit-fiddling bearing little resemblance to the source programs which defined the functions. The key idea in the superoptimizer is a probabilistic test that makes exhaustive searches practical for programs of useful size. The search space is defined by the processor's instruction set, which may include the whole set, but it is typically restricted to a subset. By constraining the instructions and observing the effect on the output program, it is possible to gain insight into the design of instruction sets. In addition, superoptimized programs may be used by peephole optimizers to improve the quality of generated code, or by assembly language programmers to improve manually written code Nikolai Bezroukov Search Amazon by keywords:  You can use Honor System to make a contribution, supporting this site

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**** Compiler Construction Principles and Practice by Kenneth C. Louden Hardcover: 592 pages Publisher: Course Technology; 1 edition (January 24, 1997) Language: English ISBN: 0534939724 Average Customer Review: based on 10 reviews. (Write a review) Amazon.com Sales Rank: #177,613 in Books One of the best books, April 6, 2005   Reviewer: M. Cleary - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)    This book is outstanding! The Dragon Book is way overhyped. I have tried again and again to follow the dragon book, and each time I found it too difficult. On the other hand, Louden's book has answered many questions that I had in a clear, concise manner! I love this book! I have also flipped through almost all other compiler/interpreter books on the market in various bookstores, but none of them compare. This is *THE* book on introductory compiler design. Other books you might want if interested in writing your own programming language/compiler are "Programming Language Pragmatics", "Lex and Yacc", "Java Virtual Machine Specification" and "Virtual Machine Design and Implementation in C/C++".   I taught from this book, May 6, 2003   Reviewer: meerkat "Captain Meerkat" (Moscow, ID USA) - See all my reviews This is an excellent basic book on compilers. Its strength is its strong practical approach combined with using YACC/LEX technology. It hand holds you through the development of a simple compiler. If I wanted to learn about compilers I would read this first. Its weakness is it is too narrow. There are plenty of features of languages that are not addressed but in passing. Its goal is to get a compiler built. For a compilers 101 class there is no better book. Engineering a Compiler by Keith Cooper, Linda Torczon Hardcover: 801 pages Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann (October 27, 2003) ISBN: 155860698X Average Customer Review: based on 5 reviews. (Write a review) Amazon.com Sales Rank: #148,516 in Books ??? Modern Compiler Design by Dick Grune (Editor), Henri Bal, Ceriel Jacobs, Koen Langendoen Amazon Price: $54.99 Paperback - 754 pages 1 edition (August 30, 2000) John Wiley & Sons; ISBN: 0471976970 Programming Language Processors in Java: Compilers and Interpreters by David Watt, Deryck Brown (Hardcover) **** Programming Language Pragmatics by Michael Scott (Author) Hardcover: 856 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.73 x 9.57 x 7.70 Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann; 1st edition (January 15, 2000) ISBN: 1558604421 In-Print Editions: Paperback | All Editions Average Customer Review: 5.0 out of 5 stars   Selected Reviews 5 out of 5 stars A classic, May 30, 2003   Reviewer: SVENSSON KURT from Stockholm Sweden For everyone that ever has worked on or plans to implement a compiler/interpreter. It gave me many new insights on different implementation issues. This book is written in such a pedagogical, clear and exciting way that it can be read like a novel or a thriller (pick Your choice). 5 out of 5 stars A magnificent achievement--a bedrock of knowledge, for life, March 17, 2002   Reviewer: A reader from Los Angeles I am in the process of reading this book for a review and already I am compelled (at the conclusion of chp. 7 of 13) to write a glowing review. This book truly is an achievement and it lives up to my predecessor's comments. I hasten to emphasize that this textbook combines form and content to a very high degree: it is written superbly with great clarity, the topics are organized extremely well and meaningfully, and finally it provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of programming. In the course of my reading, I have never felt the need to skip sections; there are no sections that are abstruse or cursorily covered. All sections are integrated with the others and each section offers very useful knowledge. The author clearly displays a profound understanding of all aspects of his endeavor. I must emphasize that in the vast majority of cases with textbooks, in any academic area, the impression is that the author has intimate knowledge of 60% of the material he covers, and as for the latter 40% of the material he has at best good knowledge or passing familiarity but is able to speak on these topics because of his qualifications. The greatest merit of this book is that one can very profitably go through a self-study programme through all 13 chapters and come away much superior to one's peers in college or graduate school or industry (I qualify this statement at present: I have read only 7 chapters yet, but intend to read all 13). Finally, if you are familiar with the excellent book on Computer Architecture by Patterson and Hennesy, then I say that this book is on level par with that venerable textbook. 5 out of 5 stars Tough Topic - Crystal Clear Explanation, June 3, 2001   Reviewer: Cher-Wah Tan from Texas, SA USA I have always enjoyed reading programming-language and compiler books and most of them are quite tough on a first-read. Programming Language Pragmatics is one huge exception. None of the books I have read come close to the clarity that this book exhibits. On many occassions, the choice of words and presentation in this book has made me go 'Wow, I thought I already knew this stuff...' Besides core topics, it has interesting discussion like concurrency, data-abstraction (object-oriented) and non-imperative programming models (functional and logic). TOC (with my comments) Ch. 1 Introduction Ch. 2 Programming Language Syntax (theory of Regular Expression, Context-Free Grammars, Automata etc) Ch. 3 Names, Scopes, and Bindings (binding, scope rules, closures etc) Ch. 4 Semantic Analysis (attribute grammars, attribute flow, syntax tree etc) Ch. 5 Assembly-Level Computer Architecture (keeping the pipeline full, register allocation etc) Ch. 6 Control Flow (expression evaluation, iteration, recursion, nondeterminacy etc) Ch. 7 Data Types (type checking, pointers and recursive types etc) Ch. 8 Subroutines and Control Abstraction (stack layout, calling sequences, parameter passing etc) Ch. 9 Building a Runnable Program (back-end compiler structure, intermediate forms etc) Ch. 10 Data Abstraction and Object Orientation (encapsulation, inheritance, dynamic method binding, multiple inheritance, the object model of smalltalk) Ch. 11 Nonimperative Programming Models: Functional and Logic Languages Ch. 12 Concurrency (shared memory, message passing etc) Ch. 13 Code Improvement (peephole, redundancy elimination, data flow analysis, loop improvement, instruction scheduling, register allocation etc) App. A Programming Languages Mentioned App. B Language Design and Language Implementation This is a very impressive book; truly one of my best investments in books so far.   Generative Programming Methods, Tools, and Applications by Krzysztof Czarnecki, Ulrich Eisenecker Amazon Price: $44.95 Paperback: 864 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.22 x 9.22 x 7.42 Publisher: Addison-Wesley Pub Co; 1st edition (June 6, 2000) ISBN: 0201309777   Average Customer Review: 3.8 out of 5 stars Based on 15 reviews. Write a review.   Amazon.com Sales Rank: 78,516 5 of 5 stars 5 Stars with caveats......., October 10, 2000 Reviewer: A reader from Vermont Its hard to tell from the title of this book who will benefit from reading it but from a practical standpoint, C++ library designers and those with an interest in the "bleeding edge" of software engineering should find it very enlightening. The primary focus of this book is speeding up the lifecycle of program design by utilizing "Generative Programming". GP is a fancy name for programming using domain specific notations and generating highly optimized code without burdening the application programmer with low level details of domain libraries. Chapter 1 "What is this book about?" - The authors describe GP. Short and sweet..... Chapter 2 "Domain Engineering" - A rather dry, pedantic review of current Domain Engineering methods. This chapter reads like a PHD lit review. Boring.... Chapter 3 "Domain Engineering and OO Analysis and Design" - Why OO Analysis isn't appropriate for designing reusable libraries and analysis methods that are more suitable for the task. Quick and painless.... Chapter 4 "Feature Modeling" - One of the high points of the book. For those of you who have been stymied by the inflexibility of UML, the authors introduce the technique of "feature diagrams" which allow library designers to defer decisions like inheritance vs. aggregation until later in the design. Potentially very useful. Chapter 5 "The Process of GP" - Describes how GP should work in an ideal world (which unfortunately doesn't exist yet). A bit too abstract..... Chapter 6 "Generic Programming" - Describes type based programming (i.e. C++ templates) and various languages support for Generic Programming. Java programmers won't like this one! Chapter 7 "Component-Oriented Template-Based C++ Programming Techniques" - The title pretty much says it all. Good introduction to C++ templates. Chapter 8 "Aspect-Oriented Programming" - Aspects are portions of code that have little to do with the actual intent of the code. Examples are synchronization and error handling. This chapter describes how messy aspects can make code and how to separate aspects from core functionality. Good stuff.... Chapter 9 "Generators" - Describes how ideal code Generators should work. Good introduction to the topic. Chapter 10 "Static Metaprogramming in C++" - For me this is the high point of the book. Compile time control structures such as IF<>, SWITCH<>, DO<> and WHILE<> are introduced. These can be used to generate configurable types as shown in later chapters. These structures are difficult to debug but if used conservatively are very powerful! Chapter 11 "Intentional Programming" - A description of Microsoft's Intentional Programming environment. IP is the ideal GP development environment that allows library designers to enhance the main IDE with domain specific libraries. Developers interact directly with the source parse trees that are rendered to the IDE in a domain specific manner. The description is interesting but the IP Software is potential Vaporware and I'm kinda sick of reading about MS development tools that will change the world (C# anyone????) Chapter 12-14 - The final chapters describe how to build template class generators that allow the application programming to specify functionality as a template parameter and the generator will build the type. It's as close to GP as we can get today. A list container class, bank account class and a highly optimized matrix library are designed using the GP methodology. It's nice to see the authors actually practicing what they preach. Aside from the overly academic feel to the book and touting Microsoft fantasy-ware (which may become available... who knows?) this book offers much food for thought for system designers and C++ library implementers. The template tricks described are difficult to debug but with a little luck future compilers will provide better support for this style of compile time design. I look forward to the 2nd or 3rd edition of this book when this stuff matures. Building Parsers With Java by Steven John Metsker Amazon Price: $39.95 Paperback - 400 pages Bk&Cd-Rom edition (March 26, 2001) Addison-Wesley Pub Co; ISBN: 0201719622 ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.81 x 9.22 x 7.37   5 of 5 stars Parser Design for the 21st century, February 7, 2002 Reviewer: Grant Steinfeld (see more about me) from New York, ny United States I found this powerful parser framework easy to understand (with a little help from my friends) and a pleasure to incorporate into my programmers toolbox. Aho is for Computer Scientists and Mathematicians, while the organic nature of Steve's thinking and elegant application of Design Patterns to the problem of creating an extensible parser, is more up a Biologist turned webmaster alley. In less that a few days we were able to convert IDL to WSDL, in less than 100 lines of code! The only issue I had was the text sometimes could have benefited with some graphical depiction of the concepts, or even an accompanying flash animation / demo website. Maybe in the next edition? Program Generators with XML and Java J. Craig Cleaveland Amazon Price: $34.99 Paperback - 448 pages Bk&Cd-Rom edition (February 7, 2001) Prentice Hall PTR; ISBN: 0130258784 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.21 x 9.22 x 6.99 Avg. Customer Rating: 4.3 out of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars Worth reading if you have interest in code generation, February 21, 2002 Reviewer: A reader from San Jose, CA United States This book is definitely interesting in understanding how code generation works and how to utilize some of the newer technologies like XML and XSL to generate software. I am very impressed with some of the new, advanced code generators like CodeCharge, which utilize XML and XSL but do not give us insight to the internals of how it works. While those tools prove that XML and XSL are great for generatng code, this book explains how it is done. 2 of 2 people found the following review helpful: 5 of 5 stars The ideas in the book are worth exploring, February 9, 2002 Reviewer: Soumen Sarkar (see more about me) from Fremont, CA United States Agreed that XML may not be the best language to capture domain specification expressiveness. But use of XML/XSLT to do custom code generation has the benifit of rapid application prototyping and development. The crucial fact is that the domain specification is captured in XML only relatively few times and project software developers mainly use the generated code. The question is how many people in the project is exposed to 'ugliness' of XML and how many times. The advantages of 'neat' code generation far outweigh the disadvantages of 'ugliness' of domain specification in XML. In a real Network Management Software development I achieved 60% of generated code (EJB, SNMP, Java utilities) by using custom code generation by XML/XSLT. Only myself dealt with XML other software developers happily used generated code. You can imagine the lead the project had and continues to have because of use of XML/XSLT in project specific custom code generation. The code generation system is stable now -- any new addition in EJB, SNMP model results in thousands of lines of Java/SQL/XML/SVG code without any additional effort. I would, therefore, continue to recommend the book as worth exploring. This book really contributed new techniques in software development. More specically with XML/XSLT you have freely available tools to implement "model driven programming" in your software project. 2 of 5 stars Soso, January 15, 2002 Reviewer: A reader from Victoria, Canada While the book has interesting ideas, it ignores useful results of the domain-specific language community. More important, it preaches to use XML as a domain-specific language, which is in my opinion a disastrous idea. Terence Parr (jGuru.com) provides an excellent argument why this is the case in his article "Answers to the question 'When shouldn't you use XML?'", August 2001, IBM developerWorks : XML zone : XML zone articles: "XML is a poor human interface: Humans have an innate ability to apply structure to a stream of characters (sentences), therefore, adding markup symbols can only make it harder for us to read and more laborious to type. The problem is that most programmers have very little experience designing and parsing computer languages. Rather than spending the time to design and parse a human-friendly language, programmers are using the fastest path to providing a specification language and implementation: "Oh, use XML. Done." And that's OK, but I want programmers to recognize that they are providing an inferior interface when they take that easy route." Besides, the book is poorly typeset. It appears that the font was increased until the book had more than 400 pages. I have never seen a bigger font in a computing book! I don't know why Prentice Hall endangers their good reputation with such a poorly typeset publication. Better try to borrow the book first before potentially wasting your money. Crafting a Compiler by Charles N. Fischer Hardcover 2nd edition (December 2000) Benjamin/Cummings; ISBN: 0201385937 Here is one review for the prev edition 4 out of 5 stars Good treatment of difficult material, December 23, 1999 Reviewer: Mr James S Battle from London This book has a nice balance of theory and practical algorithms. There is enough detail to allow a (patient) reader to implement his own compiler tools, though like most other books on the subject, this book leaves you with the feeling that the area might have died about twenty years ago (no insult intended!); an update needed, to include OO languages, some treatment of the complexities associated with parsing modern languages, C++ etc. All things considered, still a great book, well worth the money. Garbage Collection : Algorithms for Automatic Dynamic Memory Management; Richard Jones, Rafael Lins (Contributor) Amazon Price: $75.00 Hardcover - 404 pages (August 1996) John Wiley & Son Ltd; ISBN: 0471941484 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.19 x 9.52 x 7.69 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 46,548 Avg. Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 starsNumber of Reviews: 3 Table of contents For the complete review, see the Sept '97 issue of Doctor Dobbs   **+ Compiler Design (International Computer Science) by Renhard Wilhelm, Dieter Maurer (Contributor) Amazon Price: $60.94 Hardcover - 606 pages (March 1, 1995) Addison-Wesley Pub Co; ISBN: 0201422905 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.36 x 9.49 x 7.02 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 173,987 Avg. Customer Review: 4 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 1 Not very practical. Authors are too preoccupied with mathematical formalisms. 4 out of 5 stars authoritative, informative, and dull., November 28, 1999 Reviewer: Ray Dillinger (see more about me) from Silicon Valley This is a useful and highly informative text. It covers technique and structures for the efficient compilation of OO, functional, and Logic Programming Languages -- languages not well covered by the Dragon Book. The code examples are sparse, and in pseudocode. The authors present a lot of theory as mathematical formalisms -- one of the most precise and complete ways to do it of course, but reading it is uphill work. They also cover technique and give reasonable discussion of the complexity of various approaches. The coverage of detail is absolutely superb. However, to my eye and mind, the book is dreadfully dull. I find most compiler texts fun and engaging, inviting me to explore new ideas and make judgements about approaches. By contrast, this text is like being led by the hand (or by the nose) through every decision, idea, and comparison by someone who knows everything there is to know about it and doesn't care what you think or whether you get it. The technique is presented as an implementation of the theory, but real-world examples of situations requiring the application of that theory are scarce. Finally, the entire thing is written without a trace of wit or humor. I can't fault this book technically -- but I'm not confident of its ability to hold a student's attention.   ** Modern Compiler Implementation in Java ~ Usually ships in 24 hours Andrew W. Appel / Hardcover / Published 1998 Amazon price: $54.95 Hardcover - 560 pages (January 1998) Cambridge Univ Pr (Short); ISBN: 0521583888 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.22 x 9.59 x 7.77 Avg. Customer Review: 2 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 10 Looks like complete junk, avoid it (see Amazon reviews for details). I hate authors who try to jump into the bandwagon of each fashionable language. Let's face it -- Java is poorly suited for implementation of compilers. Here is one Amazon review from the student's point of view: 1 out of 5 stars Please don't buy it!, February 23, 2000 Reviewer: Hariharan Thantry from East Lansing, MI If you are a genius at writing compilers without ever needing a book, go ahead buy this book. If you want to learn something, please buy the book by Aho, Ullman and Sethi. I bought this book as part of course requirement and found it to be absolutely useless. The author doesn't care to explain anything and his programming exercises are the vaguest. Might be good if you have too much money to splurge. I think it is recommended in the universities because of the support tools JLex and CUP, the documentation of which is again more pathetic!

See Also

Softpanorama Classic Computer books Softpanorama Hall of Fame/Donald Knuth, Compiler books C books,  assembler books

Introductory books

**** Compiler Construction Principles and Practice by Kenneth C. Louden   Hardcover: 592 pages Publisher: Course Technology; 1 edition (January 24, 1997) Language: English ISBN: 0534939724 Average Customer Review: based on 10 reviews. (Write a review) Amazon.com Sales Rank: #177,613 in Books   One of the best books, April 6, 2005   Reviewer: M. Cleary - See all my reviews (REAL NAME)    This book is outstanding! The Dragon Book is way overhyped. I have tried again and again to follow the dragon book, and each time I found it too difficult. On the other hand, Louden's book has answered many questions that I had in a clear, concise manner! I love this book! I have also flipped through almost all other compiler/interpreter books on the market in various bookstores, but none of them compare. This is *THE* book on introductory compiler design. Other books you might want if interested in writing your own programming language/compiler are "Programming Language Pragmatics", "Lex and Yacc", "Java Virtual Machine Specification" and "Virtual Machine Design and Implementation in C/C++".   I taught from this book, May 6, 2003   Reviewer: meerkat "Captain Meerkat" (Moscow, ID USA) - See all my reviews This is an excellent basic book on compilers. Its strength is its strong practical approach combined with using YACC/LEX technology. It hand holds you through the development of a simple compiler. If I wanted to learn about compilers I would read this first. Its weakness is it is too narrow. There are plenty of features of languages that are not addressed but in passing. Its goal is to get a compiler built. For a compilers 101 class there is no better book. **** Writing Compilers and Interpreters Ronald Mak / Paperback / Published 1996 Amazon price: $47.99 Paperback 2nd edition (July 1996) John Wiley & Sons; ISBN: 0471113530 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.90 x 9.20 x 7.50 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 27,811 Avg. Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 6 This is a good intro. book. The first review below is from too much object oriented person so you should treat it skeptically. 2 out of 5 stars Mak is useful, but do use it with caution., April 15, 2000 Reviewer: Sean G. O'Sullivan (see more about me) from Fredericksburg, Va There are several things you should know about this book: 1) The book implements a top-down or recursive-descent parser, as opposed to a standard shift-reduce parser. This is *very* important, as lex/yacc, Visual Parse++, and other parsing tools are efficient shift-reduce machines. Thus, the parser isn't really portable. Even so, I did find the the symbol table design that's used by the parser to be critical for what I needed. 2) The printed material is mostly (say 70%) code listings, thus even though the book is a whopping 838 pages, it would be much slimmer with fewer listings. The code is downloadable from the publisher's (Wiley) site. 3) The 30% of text and figures that are in the book could be much more insightful. For example, Chapter 11 - the interactive debugger should at least have some description (screenshots perhaps) of how to use the debugger. (Hint, the commands end with a semi-colon.) 4) Even though this book is C++ oriented, it doesn't use standard containers like linked lists, or trees (maps/sets). The classes have pointers in them that makes the class also act as a its own node in a list or whatever. This makes the design much more confusing than it needs to be. 5) The symbol table implementation has heavy circular dependencies. Quite honestly I don't know of a better implementation (yet). This does, however pose a problem if you'll need to extend the design (to use STL containers, to self-serialize, etc.) The book has been a godsend, but I couldn't honestly let the 4 and 5 star reviews sit unchallenged. If I had known the above sooner, I could have saved quite a few weekends. I think an Ideal Writing Compilers book would come bundled with a thirty day version of Visual Parse++ or Dr. Parse, and work from there. 5 out of 5 stars Great Introduction, March 22, 2000 Reviewer: Kevin P. Albrecht (see more about me) from Tampa, Florida This is a good introduction for people with no previous knowledge of writing a compiler. I recommend good working knowledge of C++; and if you know Pascal, you're even better off. Knowledge of basic data structures (Stacks, Linked Lists, Binary Trees) is also important. The language that he implements is Pascal, but it would be a simple task to implement another language. 5 out of 5 stars A fine book on compiler construction using C++., August 30, 1999 Reviewer: Lee Carlson (globalmath@aol.com) from St.Louis, MO This book gives a very detailed discussion of how to write a compiler using C++. As such it could function as a supplementary textbook for a course in compilers or as one for an advanced course in C++. The author describes in detail every step of the way, and it makes interesting and fun reading. Buy it: it is well worth the price. [Watt_Brown ] Programming Language Processors in Java: Compilers and Interpreters by David Watt, Deryck Brown  Hardcover: 436 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.14 x 9.52 x 6.98 Publisher: Prentice Hall; 1st edition (April 15, 2000) ISBN: 0130257869   Average Customer Review: 5 out of 5 stars Based on 4 reviews. Write a review.   Amazon.com Sales Rank: 80,917   5 out of 5 stars Easy to read and understand, August 15, 2003     Reviewer: Raymond (see more about me) from singapore The author has done a good job by presenting basic compiler theory and implementing a simple compiler using the java programming lauguage. Good illustration of compiler concepts. One of the better basic compiler books i have read so far. Next book should be "Progamming language pragmatics" followed by "Advanced compiler design and implementation"   5 out of 5 stars Best introduction ever written., September 22, 2001     Reviewer: A reader from Scottsdale, AZ USA I've purchased or borrowed 5 books on compiler design. There is no doubt that this book should be the choice for any introductory course. The authors explain everything tightly and provide a lot of actual examples in the text. All of it is in Java, of course. Don't worry if you don't use Java. It's very easy to understand if you have any experience with any OO language. I prefer Object Pascal and had no trouble whatsoever with the code. This book will not provide proofs or a lot in the way of choices for designing a compiler. This is good when you are starting out. The last thing you need if you actually want to learn about compiler design from front to back is a hundred different ways of doing the same thing. The text takes you through a small version of the "Triangle" language ("Mini-Triangle") - and the code for the entire Triangle language is available for download. This book makes learning about compilers effortless for anyone with an OO background and a little knowledge of the most common algorithms learned in any into course on algorithms. If you can't learn from this text, then don't bother with any other. The next book I'd recommend after reading this text is the Dragon Book. Then you can try on Advanced Compiler Design for size - which I am doing at present. A great book to read along (or just before of after) this text is Programming Language Pragmatics. I read it in parallel. If I had to do it again, I'd probably read it first.   *** Compilers Principles, Techniques, and Tools by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman (Contributor) Amazon Price: $69.00 Hardcover - 796 pages (November 1985) Addison-Wesley Pub Co; ISBN: 0201100886 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.44 x 9.54 x 6.58 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 5,595 Avg. Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars   Overhyped books. Not that useful. Number of Reviews: 19   5 out of 5 stars Excellent Introductory Compiler Text, September 28, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from St. Louis, MO, USA This is a comprehensive and easy to understand text. It covers all the fundamental stages of compiler design, with plenty of explanation (both practical and theoretical). It doesn't exhaustively cover every conceivable topic, but it does leave you with a good taste of what's involved. Of course, it is not a book for beginning programmers, and there are very few code examples. Judging by the comments of some reviewers, I would suspect that they gave poor reviews because they lacked the prerequisite background (familiarity with a good HLL like C, data structures, mathematical background etc). As with any 'advanced' topic in computer science, there is quite a lot expected from you. Upon first reading, some topics occasionally seem overwhelming. Welcome to Earth. This is where your library card comes in. Do a little research and then come back to this text; you'll find that it is well organized and extremely clear. If you want a cookbook this book isn't for you. If you want a solid understanding of compiler fundamentals then this book is your best bet. 5 of 7 people found the following review helpful: 3 out of 5 stars Great for hard-core compiler gurus, November 29, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from Dallas, TX I picked this text up in anticipation for a compiler course at Georgia Tech. I have not read any other compiler books, so I have little to compare it to. However, I can definitely say that this is a book for people who are looking for "hard-core" compiler knowledge. It is a very dry and meticulous book. Contrary to the opinions of other reviewers, this is not an "easy to understand text". It will take quite a bit of determination to get the most out of it. If you don't love the stuff, you'll stop reading at page 100 or so. As for topics explained in this book, it seems to cover just about everything you will need to understand and write a full-blown compiler. **** Crafting a Compiler With C by Charles N. Fischer, Richard J. Jr. Leblanc Amazon Price: $73.56 Hardcover (January 1991) Addison-Wesley Pub Co; ISBN: 0805321667 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 173,258 Avg. Customer Review: 4.5 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 2 table of contents Reviewer: eoi (see more about me) from LA CA Crafting a Compiler with C offers an innovative approach to compiler design for students or professional programmers who use C. Through numerous examples and exercises, you'll learn how to design a working compiler from start to finish. The book also provides balanced coverage of both theoretical and implementation issues, with detailed discussions of standard compiler topics such as top-down and bottom- up parsing, semantic analysis, intermediate representations, and code generation. All the procedures in this book are presented in a readable, C-based notation. Features: · Based on the best-selling Crafting a Compiler. · Balances an excellent, readable introduction to compiler theory with a wealth of realistic compler design examples and exercises. · Emphasizes the use of compiler tools that generate parsers and scanners. · Discusses LR parsing and reduction techniques thoroughly. · Introduces FLex and ScanGen early. · Includes optional advanced topics at the end of each chapter. Chapter 1 Introduction An overview of the compilation process begins the text. The concept of constructing a compiler from a collection of components is emphasized. The idea of using tools to generate some of these components is introduced. Chapter 2 A Simple Compiler A very simple language, Micro, is presented, and each of the components of a compiler is discussed with respect to compiling Micro. Parts of the text of a compiler for Micro (written in Ada) are included in this chapter. The compilation of features of more comprehensive Ada subsets is the motivation for the techniques presented in the following chapters. Chapter 3 Scanning Theory and Practice The basic concepts and techniques for building the lexical analysis component of a compiler are presented. This discussion includes both the development of hand-coded scanners and the use of scanner generation tools for implementation of table-driven scanners. Chapter 4 Grammars and Parsing Fundamentals of formal language concepts and grammars are presented in this chapter, including context-free grammars, BNF notation, derivations, and parse trees. Since First and Follow sets are used in the definitions of both top- down and bottom-up parsing techniques, they are defined in this chapter. A discussion of language and grammar relationships is also included. Chapter 5 LL(1) Grammars and Parsing Top-down parsing is presented as the initial approach to syntax analysis. Both recursive descent and LL(1) are discussed, with an emphasis on the latter. Use of parser generators is a major focus of this chapter. Chapter 6 LR Parsing Bottom-up parsing is presented as an alternative approach to syntax analysis. LR, SLR and LALR parsing concepts are introduced and compared with LL techniques. Again, use of parser generators is a major focus of the chapter. Chapter 7 Semantic Processing The fundamentals of semantic processing in conjunction with top-down and bottom-up parsers are presented in this chapter. Topics include a comparison of alternative compiler organizations, addition of action symbols to a gram mar (for top-down parsing), rewriting grammars for "semantic hooks" (for bottom-up parsing), definition of semantic records and use of a semantic stack, checking semantic correctness, and producing intermediate code. Chapter 8 Symbol Tables This chapter stresses the use of a symbol table as an abstract component, util ized by the rest of the compiler through a precisely defined interface. Possible implementations are presented, followed by discussions of symbol tables for handling nested scopes and language features used to define names accessible from surrounding scopes (such as records and Ada packages). Chapter 9 Run-time Storage Organization Basic techniques for run-time storage management is presented, including dis cussions of static allocation, stack-based allocation and generalized dynamic (heap) allocation. Chapter 10 Processing Declarations Basic techniques for processing type, variable, and constant declarations are discussed. The organization of this material is based on semantic routines for handling specific language features. Chapter 11 Processing Expressions and Data Structure References Semantic routines for handling variable references and arithmetic and Boolean expressions are outlined. Address computation methods for array elements and record fields are included in the discussion of variables references. In this and the next two chapters, emphasis is placed on techniques for checking semantic correctness and generating intermediate code for use by a target code generator. Chapter 12 Translating Control Structures Compilation techniques for features such as if statements, case statements, and various looping constructs are the focus of this chapter. A point of emphasis is effective use of a semantic stack or syntax tree to simplify the job of handling these constructs, which can be nested and which can extend over arbitrary amounts of program text. Students should gain an understanding of the advantage of this general technique over ad hoc approaches. Chapter 13 Translating Procedures and Functions Techniques for processing both declarations and calls of subprograms are presented. Since much of the complexity of this topic involves parameters, considerable material is provided that deals with building parameter descriptions, checking for correctness of actual parameters in subprogram calls, and code-generation techniques required by various parameter modes. The concept of a run-time activation stack is discussed here, and the support routines necessary to implement one are outlined. Chapter 14 Attribute Grammars and Multipass Translation Multipass translation is modeled by traversal over an intermediate form. The attribute model of information flow receives particular emphasis. Chapter 15 Code Generation and Local Code Optimization The code generator is presented as a separate component that translates from the intermediate code generated by the semantic routines to the final target code of the compiler. Such topics as instruction selection, register management, and use of addressing modes are presented. Use of a code generator- generator is discussed. Discussion of basic block optimizations is included in this chapter. Chapter 16 Global Optimization The focus of this chapter is on practical techniques that yield useful improvements from a moderate amount of effort. Thus the main sections of the chapter include global data flow analysis, optimizing subprogram calls, and optimizing loops. Chapter 17 Parsing in the Real World This chapter includes material on two major topics necessary for implementing practical compilers: syntax-error handling and table compaction. The error-handling section presents error-recovery and error-repair techniques applicable to recursive descent, LL and LR parsers. The table compaction techniques included are applicable to both LL and LR parser tables, as well as to scanner tables and any other situation requiring efficient storage with fast access to elements of sparse tables. 4 out of 5 stars Good treatment of difficult materialDecember 23, 1999 Reviewer: Mr James S Battle from London This book has a nice balance of theory and practical algorithms. There is enough detail to allow a (patient) reader to implement his own compiler tools, though like most other books on the subject, this book leaves you with the feeling that the area might have died about twenty years ago (no insult intended!); an update needed, to include OO languages, some treatment of the complexities associated with parsing modern languages, C++ etc. All things considered, still a great book, well worth the money **** Constructing Language Processors for Little Languages/Book and Disk ~ it's cheaper to buy it as paperback Randy M. Kaplan / Paperback / Published 1994 Amazon price: $43.99 ~ You Save: $11.00 (20%) Paperback - 452 pages Book&Disk edition (August 15, 1994) John Wiley & Sons; ISBN: 0471597546 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.15 x 9.18 x 7.46 Other Editions: Software Amazon.com Sales Rank: 60,568 Avg. Customer Review: 4 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 1 4 out of 5 stars A good first step, April 20, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from Omaha, Nebraska This is a good, basic, "gateway" book on compiler and interpreter design and implementation. It can easily provide the reader with the basic concepts of this tricky topic in a way that will allow the reader to move on to more complicated materials. Having taken a compiler construction class in college using "Compilers : Principles, Techniques, and Tools", I can say that this book is much easier to understand and I wish we had spent the first 2-3 weeks of the course covering the material therein. If you are new to compiler construction or are interested in producing a simple interpreter, this book is for you. If you already consider yourself well read in compiler technology, this book may be of questionable value. Art of Compiler Design, The Theory and Practice   by Thomas Pittman, James Peters, Jim Peters (Contributor) Amazon Price: $48.80 Textbook Binding - 368 pages 1 edition (May 16, 1997) Prentice Hall; ISBN: 0130481904 ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.90 x 9.28 x 7.07 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 203,118 Avg. Customer Review: 5 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 2 5 out of 5 stars Concerning Tom Pittman, April 7, 2000 Reviewer: Kevin N. Weinhold from Kansas, USA Tom Pittman is an excellent teacher. Having his instruction in writing is the second best thing. He was a pioneer in microcomputers, having created one of the first compilers available. Strongly Recommended. 5 out of 5 stars Very good book on compilers, March 26, 2000 Reviewer: Pavel Tatarintsev (see more about me) from Voronezh, Russia This book is the one of the best I'v ever seen on compiler design. It one of the books that was written several years ago but very helpful. The language is not simple, but exact. I recommend it to all students and specialists who interested in compilers architecture. Lex & Yacc John R. Levine Amazon Price: $23.96 Paperback - 366 pages 2Nd/update edition (October 1992) O'Reilly & Associates; ISBN: 1565920007 ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.87 x 8.98 x 6.01 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 12,571 Popular in: University of Pittsburgh (#18) , Delaware Universities (#12) . See more Avg. Customer Review: 4 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 19   Anyone who want to use compiler techniques in his/her project should probably start with using this two tools or derivatives. Lexical analyzer generation with Lex  is essentially optional. You just need to know the interface with syntax analyser to write a better program yourself. In most cases much better lexical analyzer can be written manually,  but syntactic analyzer needs to be generated at least for a part of the language (expressions, etc.) 2 out of 5 stars Incomplete, poorly organized, and not very well written, April 6, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from Austin, TX As with several other O'Reilly books, I found Lex & Yacc to be maddeningly uneven. The approach is to give a too-brief synopsis of the tool, then illustrate its use using a very specific example that, one suspects, is merely the handiest project the authors had available. I had a fair bit of programming experience when I bought the book, but none with Lex or Yacc. Some fundamental questions came up during the course of my muddling through, and these were left unanswered. I actually got more insight into these tools from a ~20-page web site on the topic. The reference chapters are organized alphabetically ("ambiguities & conflicts", "bugs", ..., "%ident declaration"), and in a way that does not help someone who is looking for a specific answer (in trying to find out about the possibility of more than one parser in a program, who would think to look under 'v' for "variant and multiple grammars"?). These 'reference chapters' seemed more like a place to dump the information not discussed elsewhere. Maybe it's a lost cause, finding a comprehensive, well-written introduction to such an arcane topic, but I'm still looking.   ****The Theory and Practice of Compiler Writing (McGraw-Hill Computer Science Series) Jean-Paul Tremblay / Hardcover / Published 1985 A very good book, unfortunately the author used PL/1 and never updated his book. Using and Porting GNU CC for Version 2.8 Richard Stallman / Paperback Amazon price: $50.00 (Special Order) Modern Compiler Implementation in C  Andrew W. Appel, Maia Ginsburg / Hardcover / Published 1998 Amazon price: $54.95 Modern Compiler Implementation in Java by Andrew W. Appel /Paperback/Cambridge Univ Press/ February 1997/ISBN: 0521586542 A fashionable language have found its way to this field, although it is not very well suited to the compiler design, but anyway enjoy the ride ;-) ...

Advanced

**** Advanced Compiler Design and Implementation by Steven S. Muchnick Hardcover, 1000 pages /Morgan Kaufman Publishers/July 1997/ISBN: 1558603204 Toc   Modern textbook -- I did not read it yet.  The good news is that the author published  also Program Flow Analysis: Theory and Applications  (with  Neil D. Jones / Published 1981) that I read. It's a pretty decent book. Steven S. Muchnick led the advanced compiler design and implementation teams for both Hewlett-Packard's PA-RISC and Sun Microsystems's SPARC processors.    See also Amazon.com recommends   5 out of 5 stars Must-Have CS book, August 9, 2000 Reviewer: A reader from Cupertino, CA USA If you are a good CSE engineer, and wanna make even better, this book is the one should be on your shelf. If you are compiler engineer, it is a must-have. I agree that it is a collection of research papers, but it is the only one comprehensive collection covering all aspects of compilation. I personally find it very helpful. Dragon book is cool, but it is only for beginners. If you are a beginner, always start with Dragon book, but don't abuse this classic book. 5 out of 5 stars The definitive compiler book for the 1990s, September 23, 1998 Reviewer: Paul Haahr (haahr@jivetech.com) from San Francisco, CA This book is the comprehensive text for anyone working on an optimizing compiler for uniprocessor systems. It gives good detail on all major approaches and is up-to-date on important techniques like SSA form and partial redundancy information. As someone working directly in the field, it's saved me the effort of hunting up original research papers in many areas. One drawback for this book as a practical tool: the pseudocode used to illustrate examples is often pretty far from being suitable for real implementations. A warning: this is not an introductory book, and people who want to learn about the basics of building a compiler should look elsewhere; perhaps Andrew Appel's ``Modern Compilers'' series. Muchnick's book is for people who want to write compilers which generate high-performance code **** Compiler Construction for Digital Computers  by David Gries Published in 1971 One of the first books on compiler construction. Outdated but still very important to read. The author can be considered as one of the "verification victims" -- despite being a very talented educator he did not produce any other book of equal significance: all other his books are overburdened with verification scholastic. A Retargetable C Compiler : Design and Implementation Christopher W. Fraser, David R. Hanson / Hardcover / Published 1995 Amazon price: $66.95 Hardcover - 564 pages (January 1995) Addison-Wesley Pub Co; ISBN: 0805316701 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.34 x 9.81 x 7.94 Amazon.com Sales Rank: 49,632 Avg. Customer Review: 3.5 out of 5 stars Number of Reviews: 3 This is a good book, but you need to know some compiler writing basics to benefit from it. The authors use recursive decent parser so this book can be an excellent introduction to this approach.   4 out of 5 stars Almost everything you need to know about a simple compiler, January 27, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from Cambridge, MA USA I first read this book when I ported lcc 3.5 to the Alpha (and later helped tune the production 4.0 port). The book is extremely clear and complete with regard to the lcc compiler itself; it is an invaluable reference for anyone who works with lcc. In the two years since I last worked directly with lcc, I've consulted the book on numerous occasions; Messrs. Fraser and Hanson have a clear writing and programming style that makes this book (and the awesome paper that they wrote with Todd Proebsting on lburg) one of my standard "how-to" books on simple IR and code generation issues. I'd only like to see more information about lburg; in particular, more about using lburg to do some simple optimizations. The writing style is clear and reasonably concise, but the constraints of retrofitting literate programming techniques onto an existing software project can make the code presentation a little fragmented. Still, I always found what I wanted and usually found the explanation to be quite good. 3 out of 5 stars How they wrote *their* compiler, not how to write *yours*, April 5, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from USA I did not like this book. First of all the authors are egotistical saying things along the lines of "this compiler *must* be great, hundreds of people are using it." Secondly, they wrote their compiler in pre-ANSI C, making it difficult to read. Similarly, they use a hokey "hypertext" style format for presenting the source code,also making it difficult to read. Thirdly, their techniques are questionable - they don't use automatic tools for scanning or parser generation. In fact their scanner is one big 'case' statment. Their parser is recursive descent, hand-written. This is one of the least maintainable and most hard to read parsing techniques. I do give them credit, though, for writing a compiler with easily changeable back ends. This part is way cool, especially with such diverse platforms as Sparc and x86. Finally, their writing is not easily read - especially with the hokey code interspersed. I bought it wanting to learn about their code generation but have decided to return it, and will probably buy Advanced Compiler Design And Implementation; Muchnick, Steve instead. Compiler Design and Construction by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Hardcover 2nd edition (December 1987) Van Nostrand Reinhold; ISBN: 0317636367   Excellent book but not for a `crash course', November 4, 1999 Reviewer: Vikram Vijayaraghavan (vvraghav@giasmda.vsnl.net.in) from India The top researchers in the field give this (by now) legendary compiler book. Crisp and stimulating discussions of the various phases of compilers. A major disadvantage is that examples & exercises are few. While reading the stuff on LALR parsers for the first time one feels woefully lost.... serious stuff intended for careful study - not just another book for perusal. The Best Book Available on Compiler Design, September 28, 1999 Reviewer: Fred Bourgeois (fjb@frednet.com) from Santa Cruz, California The quintessential reference for anyone interested in the subject of compiler design and development. This sub-field of Computer Science forms a scientific core the theory of which is universally applicable to so many areas of our field that every professional computer scientist and software developer/programmer should be intimately familiar with the basic tenets included: lexical analysis, parsing, optimization, symbol management, space vs. time considerations, and especially BNF (notation for specifying grammars). Even if you are not a compiler developer and have no intention of becoming one, this knowledge is so fundamental to being a good software developer and intelligent user of compilers that no professional can afford not to have read this book and keep it handy as a reference. One of the few really good books, May 13, 1999 Reviewer: A reader from Princeton, NJ It is really a great book, especially for self study. Unlike newer variations on the same theme that are more concerned with stuffing a book with something that makes the table of contents look attractive, this one really covers things in detail. Very well written too. Books like that re-kindle the '...love of study, a passion which derives fresh vigour from enjoyment...' as Gibbon put it. Makes you suddenly recall why you still are in this damn profession. Keep it handy--for psychological reasons, to be used in moments of Microsoft "technologies" triggered developmental distress. They used to write good books (tm) <g> Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools by Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi, Jeffrey D. Ullman Published in 1985 by Addison-Wesley. This is actually university-style introductory book that is  heavy on theory, but contains almost no implementation details. Mostly outdated, but some graph algorithms presented are still useful.   **** Theory of Parsing, Translation and Compiling Alfred V. Aho, Jeffrey D. Ullman Actually this is algorithms and data structure book. Not very practical, but it contains descriptions of several interesting algorithms that are difficult to find elsewhere. Still valuable as a complementary volume to Knuth.   ***+ Principles of Compiler Design Alfred V. and Ullma Aho / Published 1977   Methods and Tools for Compiler Construction : An Advanced Course B. Lorho (Editor) / Published 1984

Design and implementation

Material below is partially based on The Teaching About Programming Languages Project. There is huge amount of this type of books and many are too scholastic and/or try to use (unnecessary) formalisms without justifying their usefulness. ??? Programming Languages : Design and Implementation ~ Usually ships in 24 hours Terrence W. Pratt, Marvin V. Zelkowitz / Hardcover / Published 1996 Amazon price: $67.00 The first edition of this book (written by Terrence Pratt) was really impressive...  I also remember his excellent paper: Control Computations and the Design of Loop Control Structures. TSE 4(2): 81-89 (1978) I do no know much about Marvin Zelkowitz   Authors WEB page Courses that use this book: Bob Collins J. Dana Eckart Concepts of Programming Languages ~ Usually ships in 24 hours Robert W. Sebesta / Hardcover / Published 1998 Amazon price: $72.25   The author WEB page: Concepts of Programming Languages by Robert W. Sebesta (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 3rd edition, 1996). Courses that use this book: See also course by Dick Botting Essentials of Programming Languages Daniel Friedman, et al / Hardcover / Published 1992 Amazon price: $75.93 Authors WEB page: Essentials of Programming Languages by Daniel P. Friedman, Mitchell Wand, and Christopher T. Haynes (MIT Press and McGraw-Hill, 1992). Courses that use this book: Chris Haynes Matthias Felleisen (who, however, "mostly" relies "on lecture notes") Gary T. Leavens Mitchell Wand Phillip J. Windley Andrew Wright (who, however, "mostly" relies "on lecture notes") graduate courses that use this book.   Principles of Programming Languages : Design, Evaluation, and Implementation Bruce J. MacLennan / Hardcover / Published 1999 Amazon price: $77.95 (Back Ordered) Authors WEB page:  Principles of Programming Languages: Design, Evaluation and Implementation by Bruce J. MacLennan (Oxford University Press), third edition, 1999).Courses that use this book: Gary T. Leavens Programming Language Concepts and Paradigms (Prentice Hall International Series in Computer Science) David A. Watt Authors WEB page:  Programming Language Concepts and Paradigms by David A. Watt (Prentice-Hall, 1990). Curtis Dyreson Viljem Zumer (who also used Watt's book Programming Language Syntax and Semantics) David H. Lorenz (who also used ML for the working programmer by L.C. Paulson in this mixed undergraduate/graduate class)   graduate courses that use this book. Programming Language Essentials Henri Bal / Paperback / Published 1994 Amazon price: $29.95 (Special Order) Authors WEB page:  Programming Language Essentials by Henri E. Bal and Dick Grune (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994) Authors WEB page:  Programming Languages: An Interpreter-Based Approach by Samuel N. Kamin (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1990). Gary T. Leavens If you use this text, you might also be interested in graduate courses that use this book. Programming Languages : Concepts and Constructs ~ Usually ships in 2-3 days Ravi Sethi, Tom Stone (Editor) / Hardcover / Published 1996 Amazon price: $51.95  Authors WEB page:  Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs by Ravi Sethi (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1996) Alyce Brady (who also makes available textbook-independent material from student presentations about different languages) Ambuj K Singh

Program Graphs

**** Program Flow Analysis : Theory and Applications Steven S. Muchnick, Neil D. Jones   ***+ Compilers : Principles, Techniques, and Tools Alfred V. Aho, et al / Hardcover / Published 1985 Amazon price: $54.95 Not bad, slightly outdated; can  be recommended as a second book for program graph analysis.  *** Data Structures and Algorithms Alfred V. Aho, et al / Hardcover / Published 1983 Amazon price: $54.95 ***+ Principles of Compiler Design Alfred V. and Ullma Aho / Published 1977

Etc

Compiler Construction (International Computer Science Series) Niklaus Wirth / Paperback / Published 1996 This is a rather weak and rather scholastic book from a well-known author of Pascal and Modula languages The Art of Compiler Design : Theory and Practice Thomas Pittman, et al / Hardcover / Published 1992 Amazon price: $65.00 Building an Optimizing Compiler Robert C. Morgan / Paperback / Published 1998 Amazon price: $59.95 Compiler Design (International Computer Science) Renhard Wilhelm, Dieter Maurer / Hardcover / Published 1995 Compiler Design in C ~ Usually ships in 24 hours Allen I. Holub / Hardcover / Published 1989 Introduction to Compiler Construction With Unix Alex T Schreiner, et al / Hardcover / Published 1985 Compiler Construction : Theory and Practice William A. Barrett, John D. Couch / Hardcover / Published 1979 Compiler Design and Construction Hardcover / Published 1987 Copyright © 1996-2008 by Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov. www.softpanorama.org was created as a service to the UN Sustainable Development Networking Programme (SDNP) in the author free time. Submit comments This document is an industrial compilation designed and created exclusively for educational use and is placed under the copyright of the Open Content License(OPL). Original materials copyright belong to respective owners. Quotes are made for educational purposes only in compliance with the fair use doctrine. Standard disclaimer: The statements, views and opinions presented on this web page are those of the author and are not endorsed by, nor do they necessarily reflect, the opinions of the author present and former employers, SDNP or any other organization the author may be associated with. We do not warrant the correctness of the information provided or its fitness for any purpose. Last modified: February 28, 2008
 

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