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| About site: http://www.softpanorama.org/index.shtml |
Title: Programming/Resources - Softpanorama Information on Open Source software movement. Also provides a collection of links to Linux, programming languages, databases, and networking.
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Softpanorama: (slightly skeptical) Open Source Software Educational
Society
"For the great enemy of truth
is very often not the lie -- deliberate, contrived and dishonest -- but
the myth -- persistent, persuasive and unrealistic. Too often we hold fast
to the clichés of our forebears. We subject all facts to a prefabricated
set of interpretations. We enjoy the comfort of opinion without the discomfort
of thought."
JFK
Yale University graduating class speech (June 11, 1962)
May the source be with you, but remember
the KISS principle ;-)
Softpanorama
(slightly skeptical) Open Source Software Educational
Society
This is a self-education oriented site that contains
resources for the independent study in computer
science and programming. The latter is the area were open source really shines:
the academic value of open source software (OSS) cannot be overestimated ( "free
as in education" is important meaning of "free").
The main purpose of the "slightly skeptical" approach (which is a signature
of the site) is to stimulate people to think about Unix administration and
software development problems and to increase an understanding of the
computer science history in general
and, especially, open source history. Much
of it goes against mainstream orthodoxy and you might not agree with
some views expressed, but we hope that all-in-all those pages will might
be a
worthwhile reading.
The importance of knowing computer science history (and knowing it
well) is the leitmotiv of many
pages and several e-books that the site
contains. The quote "Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat
it" is especially true in software engineering. The site also tries to help
CS students to find better textbooks
(and sometimes cheaper
textbooks) as well as help to find suitable to self-education resources on the
WEB. It also helps to survive of dullness of current CS curriculum with its OO and
Java overload and a lot of detached from reality high level concepts but few interesting,
exiting ideas: the key elements of the Unix culture are no longer taught. Some important
skills like the ability to use the full spectrum of
Unix tools with
pipes are actually dying and
can and should be saved.
We should also understand that open source is not a panacea and that overcomplexity
is the cancer of open source: it defeats the idea of open source much better then
any real or imaginable opponent. The key to successful programming is not "source
code", it's "understanding". When and if complexity is out of hand it badly affect
the ability of people to understand the codebase and thus reliability and maintainability
of the code base. This classic Greek tragedy theme of open source -- the same qualities
that ensure the initial success of the hero later predetermines his downfall in
played in many areas but Linux is probably one of the most visible victim
of its success. It became Microsoft of Unix with a typical distribution like
RHEL or
Suse overloaded
with arcane and complex subsystems and pretty resource-hungry kernel. In a way it
now matter less and less whether particular component is open source or not as fewer
and fewer people can benefit from the availability of the codebase.
Paradoxically closed source products with open API and internal
scripting language like Microsoft Office are in some respects more open
then a large C-written open source product which does not support
internal macro language.
This site is one of the few that raises red flags about overcomplexity in software
as well as important side effect of deterioration of the quality and architectural
integrity of the codebase with the growth of the complexity of the
product. We need to figure out how to design simpler software systems. Design is
measured not by quantity, but by quality. That's were Unix traditions comes into
play, but recently they were distorted by competition with Microsoft, which in a
way is "The king of software overcomplexity", the company which stripped IBM
from this title (although IBM still desperately fights for the title as we can
see in Tivoli, WebSphere and several other products ;-). Sometimes good points can be brought home more easily in the
form of humor; for that purpose we created
Softpanorama IT Slackers Society
with its own
manifest and
Ten
Commandments.
There is also an important social dimension of the "overcomplexity
trap": first we build the system that we cannot understand and as an unanticipated
side effect to the management ranks are promoted people who cannot understand anything
at all and for whom self-serving deception and creating of virtual reality for their
bosses, in best
Potemkin
villages style is the normal way of life :-). This side social
effect of overcomplexity contributed to dilbertalization of IT and stimulated rise to power of
micromanagers
as one of the most prolific brand of
corporate sociopaths.
Unfortunately they became a dangerous
epidemics in IT as popularity of Dilbert cartoons attests. This realistic and somewhat pessimistic view might help students deeply interested
in software technologies better grasp the pitfalls, trade offs and compromises of
modern corporate IT environment, especially software development environment. It's
far from a "paradise for creative minds" and it drastically changed to the worse
for the last decade...
Another sign of deterioration of the IT environment (especially
in large corporations) is
IT obscurantism
with catchy slogan "IT
Doesn't Matter". The father of "IT obscurantism" is Nicholas Carr, a former executive editor of
the Harvard Business Review (who never was a programmer and has a
degree in English studies). Despite lipstick on the pig in a form of
Harvard Business Review respectability, his HBR article is a perfect example of
frivolous treatment of history and anti-intellectualism tradition. It's only junk ("Dilbertalised')
IT which does not matter. In this sense Carr's ideas are "the most
dangerous advice to CEOs has come from people who either had no idea of
what they didn't know, or from those who pretended to know what they
didn't." As such they were pretty well received in corporate
boardrooms as a philosophical justification of outsourcing ;-)
For software developers currently only
scripting languages can provide
some shelter from overcomplexity. That's why the site treats Java and OO with skepticism
they deserve. Both are "one step forward, two steps back"
technologies as they stimulate codebase bloat. We feel that any IT student should learn classic
Unix shell (as well as visual shell environment as exemplified by
OFM) and command line automation
as exemplified by classic Unix utilities
and pipes as well as by
Expect and
TCL. Also one of the "P"
family of scripting languages
is a necessary part of any serious programmer of system administrator arsenal (and
the list of "P" languages actually includes languages with names which do not start
from the letter "P", for example
TCL and Ruby which can viewed as Perl 6 :-). While
there is no silver bullet in fighting overcomplexity, the usage of scripting
languages (or any VHLL languages) permit hiding complexity on compiler/interpreter
level (pushing it on the level of abstract machine the language implements, where due to more static nature of such abstraction it can be better contained).
Scripting language also permit cleaner separation of "programming in the large"
from "programming in the small" and best of them permit smooth integration of lower
language fragments (for example Java or C). That's
why scripting languages represent the most important area of open source development.
Unlike most OSS sites this site believes that Unix is much more important then Linux
and we are not overly excited about this poster child of open source movement. Moreover we feel that a tandem of Windows desktop and
Unix server on a separate or a virtual machine is
a more productive environment then any single OS environment be it
Windows,
Linux or
Solaris. The author generally
prefers "Unixified Windows" as a
client. The latter has an amazing free tool
SFU 3.5 ( funny
enough, in 2004 it
was nominated as a
finalist for the LinuxWorld Product Excellence Awards in the Best System Integration
Solution category; in a way this is Microsoft's "Linux for Windows"). We also
hold very high opinion about major BSD flavors (this site is running on a FreeBSD
server). As for Linux the most important segments of Linux OS development are community
distributions like Debian and Gentoo as well as
minidistributions
like Knoppix.
The site rejects "cargo cult software engineering" like
Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
and links such phenomena with old and dangerous science disease called
Lysenkoism. We also
have a strong anti "cult of personality" stance (see "slightly skeptical" biographies
of Richard Stallman and
Linux Torvalds ).
"Freedom" is overused and often abused word. You need to use the best tool if you
can afford, not the cheapest one. There is little freedom (besides zero price) in
using complex open software unless you want to risk your sanity by modifying (and
possibly maintaining your fork of ) huge codebase. Scriptability does matter and
a product with built-in macro-language often is better then open source product
without :-). Paradoxically Stallman never managed to understand the value
of scriptability despite being the author of Emacs. That's why many GNU-tools are
so backward in this respect.
The site promotes deeper understanding of
open source development viewing it as a special type of academic research (with
the same pitfalls and limitations involved) and understands "free" mainly as
in "free education". For students it might be better limited to the initial stages
of their career of programmers, the stage on which they can demonstrate to themselves
and the world the level of their talent before moving on. It rejects
romantic ideas inherent in both Stallmanism
and Raymondism
We also try to promote usage of old proven command-line tools like
Orthodox file managers (OFM),
Orthodox editors like "eastern
orthodox editors" (Xedit, Kedit, THE, etc) and western orthodox editors (vi,
vim, etc), as well as
classic Unix utilities. Special
attention is devoted to pipes
as a glue for
classic Unix tools.
Warning:
Web is now a dangerous place. For your protection you are strongly
advised using a separate instance of Windows on Microsoft Virtual PC
or VMware if you use a Windows-based WEB browser.
In view of the recent wave of
Malicious iframe attacks it is important to understand that in case
you see a pop-up that asks to install any plug-in, often misleadingly
claimed to be from a reputable software vendor like Microsoft more
often then not it means that the particular page was hacked. Never install
any ActiveX plug-ins on prompt -- go to the vendor site and do it manually.
Analysis of approximately 4,000 compromised sites delivering the
malicious IFRAMES code has shown that the overwhelming majority -- 98%
-- were running the Apache Web server[Sophos2007].
This is typical for budget Web hosting providers and this statistics
may reflect the fact that attack target them. As such this site is not
immune.
Pages on this site do not require any plug-ins or ActiveX controls but
please note that since May of 2007 Google started using rich content
ads which for some pages lead to requests to download ActiveX controls.
If you are not working in a separate instance
of Windows under VM it is safer to ignore such requests.
Note: more full index is at
Softpanorama Switchboard
Bookshelf
Classic CS books :
Excel books
:
Algorithms :
Compilers :
Red Hat
: : Perl Books :
Shell Books :
Assembler :
MS Word :
Windows_registry :
Solaris :
Debugging :
Unix :
C++ :
CISSP
:
CD_bookshelf :
Pascal
:
Architecture :
Testing :
OS_design :
Open Source :
SE :
Network Security :
Tcp/ip :
Javascript :
Toxic_managers :
AWK :
Unix
security :
VBS :
Apache
: Tools
: DNS
:
Micromanagers :
Frontpage :
Overload :
Sociology_of_organizations :
Suse
:
Social_Trends :
Switchboard -- Links,
Links, Links...
Algorithms :
Links :
Certification
: Databases :
Editors :
OS design :
Languages :
Networking :
Mail :
Orthodox File Managers :
Open Source Software Problems
: Scripting :
Skepticism :
Security :
Software Engineering :
Social :
Solaris :
System Administration :
Unix Tools :
Unixification of Windows
: WWW
Humor -- the
best medicine against conformism,
stress,
toxic managers
(including
micromanagers)
and overload.
BSD logo
story : Cuckoo
Egg Review :
Hired Magazine Interviews Good Software Group Founder :
Hoax Quiz :
Linux sucks collection
:
Twenty-five Signs of a Completely Americanized Russian Programmer
Top visited pages:
Unix Find Tutorial :
Unix sort command :
Unix cut command : Windows XP
Slow Startup and Shutdown : VNC
on Solaris : VNC on Linux
: Sorting Algorithms :
AWK Programming :
Free Registry tools :
Norton Ghost :
Windows Resource Kit :
Algorithms :
Microsoft Registry Tools :
Unix_system_calls :
AWK :
VNC on Linux:
Solaris vs Linux :
Assembler :
Orthodox_File_Managers :
Scripting_Page :
Windows Process Viewers:
Solaris zones:
Dual_boot :
Editors :
find :
VNC:
Windows Command Line Tools:
Unix dd utility:
Compilers :
Skeptical Antivirus/Malware Page :
Shells :
Pipes:
Skeptics :
Decompilation :
Recent updates:
bash Control Structures
: Loops in Shell
: if
statements :
Pipes and
Coroutines in Shell : Bash :
Social Dynamics of Free Software Licenses :
Skeptical view on financial news
: Tivoli :
TEC :
TFM
: ITM :
Suse :
Yast :
Sudo :
Suse installation
: Literate Programming :
Malware Defense Strategy :
Malicious iframe
attack : Hosting
: Solaris vs Linux :
TCP Protocol Layers :
Micromanagers :
Network Troubleshooting
:
Tivoli Redbooks
Solaris vs Linux :
A
Slightly Skeptical View on Scripting Languages :
Peephole Refactoring :
Program Slicing :
The History of Development of
Norton Commander :
IT Outsourcing Skeptic :
Log Auditing :
VNC :
Softpanorama Society Orthodox File Managers Site
:
Windows Process Viewers :
Recent articles:
"IT does not matter" fallacy and
"Everything in the cloud" utopia
Unix Find Tutorial
Copyright © 1996-2008 by Dr. Nikolai Bezroukov.
www.softpanorama.org was
created as a service to the UN Sustainable Development Networking Programme (SDNP)
in the author free time.
Submit
comments This document is an industrial compilation designed and created
exclusively for educational use and is placed under the copyright of the
Open Content License(OPL).
Original materials copyright belong to respective owners. Quotes are made
for educational purposes only in compliance with the fair use doctrine.
Standard disclaimer: The statements, views and opinions presented on
this web page are those of the author and are not endorsed by, nor do they necessarily
reflect, the opinions of the author present and former employers, SDNP or any other
organization the author may be associated with. We do not warrant the correctness
of the information provided or its fitness for any purpose.
Created: May 16, 1996; Last modified:
September 17, 2008
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Information | on | Open | Source | software | movement. | Also | provides | a | collection | of | links | to | Linux, | programming | languages, | databases, | and | networking. |
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Softpanorama 2008 October
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Information on Open Source software movement. Also provides a collection of links to Linux, programming languages, databases, and networking.
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