Webfaq.co.uk - Web's Frequently Asked Questions
BasicsMoving
about the web You move about the Internet and World Wide Web by url
addresses. The main way to visit a url address is by either typing the address
into your borwser or by clicking on a hyperlinks.HyperlinksHyperlinks
are found on website pages and direct you to a url. There are two types of hyperlinks,
text hyperlink. hyperlinked graphic image, such as a button,
photograph, or drawing. You use the hyperlink by simply clicking
on it with your mouse.For example, a typical text hyperlink is made up
of http://www.microsoft.com/ provides the following information:
http: - This Web server uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
www - This site is on the World Wide Web. microsoft
- The Web server is at Microsoft Corporation. com - This
is a commercial institution.Keyboard Commands <Alt><LeftArrow>
- Page back. <Alt><RightArrow> - Page forward.
<Esc> Stop webpage loadingErrors loading
a web pageThe most common mistake is not typing the URL into the address
box correctly.A url can start with with either http:// or www or just the
domain name such mysite.com. The URL will usually end with either .htm,
.html, .php, .asp. But there are more obscure extensions.Another common
mistake is typing the slash "/" character at the end of a domain.Other
errors could be either authorization or a dns errors.DNS ErrorsAs
you surf the Net, you will find at times you can't access certain websites. The
different errors are, 400 - Bad Request - You may not be authorized
to access the web page, or it no longer exists. 401 - Unauthorized -
You havent the password needed to enter.403 - Forbidden - The same as
a 401.404 - Not Found - Web page no longer exists on the server.503
- Service unavailable - Your (ISP) or your Internet connection may be down. Bad
file request - Web browser decipher problem.Connection refused by host
- You don't have permission to access the page or your password is incorrect.
Failed DNS lookup - Host server can't be located. Host unavailable
- The web server is down. Host unknown - The web server is down, the
site may have moved, or you've been disconnected from the Net. SearchingWhere
to searchThe two main search engines currently are Yahoo and Google.
Most other portals on the web such as Alta Vista and Aol are currently using one
of these search results. However MSN are now also developed their own search results
to compete against Yahoo and Google. You can try smaller search websites such
as Askjeeves who use Teoma search results.PPC search enginesPPC
(pay per click) search engines such as Overture and Espotting are not free for
inclusion. You have to pay for every click / visit they generate to your website.
This click can cost from 1p upto £1 depending on the term. Search terms
such as "loans" and "credit cards" usually cost the most to
bid on. PPC (pay per click) search engines such as Overture also provide results
for search engines such as Yahoo also. The quality of PPC search results are usually
of low quality and mostly commercial.Internal Search on Web SitesMany
websites have their own search engines. There are several options available, depending
on the size and complexity of your web site. For larger sites you will probably
require a script with a website crawler. For smaller personal web sites, or a
small business web site Google offer a free site search feature that you can have
up and running on your site in five minutes. Otherwise there are many search scripts
available with easy setup features.Submitting to the Search EnginesIt's
very simple to submit to search such as Google and Yahoo, Google -
http://www.google.com/addurl.htmlYahoo
- http://submit.search.yahoo.com/free/requestHowever
when you submit for free search engines cannot make any predictions or guarantees
about when or if your website will appear. Only the page such as "http://www.webfaq.co.uk"
from a host is necessary; you do not need to submit each individual page (this
can cause more harm). AdviceCurrently you
don't even need to sbmit your website to search engines to get it listed. What
you need is a link from another listed website. The search engine crawler will
then find your website. The idea of submitting your site repeatedly is now a myth,
it used to be an essential part of getting your site listed but not anymore. So
the best way to get your site crawled quickly is get a listing in human-edited
directories (like Yahoo!, DMOZ, JoeAnt and GoGuides).ResubmittingThere
is also no need to resubmit if you site has dropped in search engine ranking or
has disappeared. This indicates that your website has either, been on error when
the crawler visited, the search engine has experienced a glitch or your webite
has broken some of the search engines submission rules. If your site has dropped
in ranking then it's probably due to a change in the search engine algorithm.Search
Tips Be SpecificChoose your words carefully and always
try to be as specific as possible such as, use: "sony digital
camera" instead of "electronics"" + "
Searches If a search word is essential to your search, you can make
sures it's included by typing a plus sign + in front of it." -
" SearchesIf you want to exclude a word from your search put a
minus sign ("-") in front of the term you want to avoid."OR"
SearchesIf you're equally interested in two terms, use OR in capital
letters. For example, search for "new zealand rugby OR union" Boolean
SearchingAND - Search on Term1 AND Term2 OR - Search on Term1
OR Term2 NOT - Search on Term1 but NOT Term2Google Search TipsDomain
RestrictYou can restrict your search to only one website / domain in Google
by doing this, email site:www.webfaq.co.ukThis means
Google will only search for the term "email" from the website www.webfaq.co.uk.Search
for Images, Groups, News, Froogle You can also search google for only
images, google newsgroups, news articles or shopping items in froogle. Just click
on of the search links above the Google search box.Advanced SearchIf
you are dissatified with the quality of the results returned by a search engine
it may be best to try their advanced search facility. Both Yahoo and Google have
one. Advanced searches may result in a more accurate result set.Advanced
search on Google allows you to search by, Language File
Format Only Date Numeric Range Occurrences
Domain Domain NamesWhat's
a Url ?URL stands for Universal Resource Locator. It's basically like
the address of your house, except a URL directs you to a place on the Internet.Some
common types are, http - hyper-text transfer protocol, for websites.
ftp - file transfer protocol., used to transfer files over the Internet
Anatomy of a URLhttp:// www.webfaq.co.uk /index.htmlhttp://
- short for Hypertext Transfer Protocolwww. - page on the World Wide Webwebfaq.co.uk
- the domain nameindex.html - This is the web page inside the folder.Extensions.com
- commercial.co.uk - United Kingdom based address.org
- non-profit organisation.org.uk - non-profit organisation based
in the United Kingdom.net - Gateways and other administrative
hosts for a network.gov - government.ac.uk - academic
organisations such as universities in the UK.int - international.mil
- military.au - Australia .ca - Canada
.fr - FranceWhois Domain Name SearchA
whois search allows users to see the register of a website name. When someone
registers a domain they do not actually own that domain but secures the right
to use the domain. You usually pay to use a domain name for 2 years, after this
you must again pay the registration fee. Otherwise someone else has the right
to use the domain. If you search for whois on Google you can soon find a website
with a whois search facility http://www.whois.net/http://www.internic.net/whois.htmlFingerThe
finger command, shows information about each user that's currently logged in.
This command also has extensions for use over the Internet, as well. Under normal
circumstances, the command is simply finger for a summary of who's logged into
the local system, or finger username for specific information about a user.Some
accounts, however, are not fingerable. This is because: The system
hosting the account has chosen not to run a finger server. Reasons may
be privacy concern or just feeling it is unnecessary. Most .edu accounts
have finger. Many .net and .org accounts have finger. It is
rarer on .com accounts. PingThe ping command allows
the user to check if another server / website is currently ``up'' and running.
Many implementations of ping also include an option to let you see how fast a
link is running . For example: Ping 217.12.3.11 [www.yahoo.co.uk]Round
trip time to 217.12.3.11: 107 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 107 ms
Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 107 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 108
ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 111 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11:
108 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 107 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11:
113 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11: 107 ms Round trip time to 217.12.3.11:
108 ms Average time over 10 pings: 108.3 msPing also shows you
the speed of the connection to a server / website. ParkingDomain
Parking programs allow you to register domain names without needing to develop
your own site. URLs are Case SensitiveWhen entering a website
url remember that on some sysetems urls are case sensitive. This means if you
want to visit yahoo you must type www.yahoo.co.uk and not WWW.YAHOO.CO.UK. Otherwise
you may get a "404 Not Found" message.Transferring A DomainIt's
very easy to transfer domain names between hosts. You will just have to give your
current host some information about your new hosts such as, .CO.UK/.ORG.UK/.ME.UK
DOMAIN NAMES ONLY Enter the IPS TAG of the new provider. .UK.COM/.EU.COM/GB.NET/US.COM
etc DOMAIN NAMES ONLYPlease enter the contact handles of the new provider.
.COM/.NET/.ORG DOMAIN NAMES ONLYPlease enter an accurate
working e-mail address (we will send you your unique secret registry key which
will allow you to transfer to a new provider or manage the domain name yourself).
IP addressAn Internet address, or IP address, is
a unique identifier that defines a system's location on the Internet. IP addresses
are 32-bit designations consisting of four numbers from 1 to 255 separated by
dots (.), for example, 156.21.50.1. Each IP address is also represented by a unique
name. For example, the IP address 156.21.50.1 maps to the computer named superserv.ipswitch.com.HTMLBasicsHTML
stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is the language used for creating and
translating Web documents. HTML is simple to learn and to create. To view html
code with Internet Explorer go to the top menu, click view and then source. You
can create a html document in a simple text editor such as Microsoft Notepad or
with a sophicated program such as Macromedia Dreamweaver.A simple HTML
would look something like this,<html> <head> <title>HTML</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
</head><body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"><table
width="760" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
align="center"> <tr> <td width="760"
height="105"></td> </tr> </table> <table
width="760" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"
align="center"> <tr> <td width="760"
height="226" valign="top"> <p><font size="3"><b><font
size="4">HTML</font></b></font></p> <p>A
simple HTML would look something like this,</p> <p> </p>
</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html>As
you can see there isn't much to it. Some common elements / tags are, <html></html>
- open and close the html page<head></head> - contain information
such as the page title and text format<title></title> - contains
the web page title<body></body> - this is where the main
body of text goes and the table design of the page.HeadingsThere
are six different heading levels that can be used to place headings within your
documents body section. <h1> </h1> <h2>
</h2> <h3> </h3> <h4> </h4>
<h5> </h5> <h6> </h6>Text
Styles These tags render text in html in different styles,
<b> </b> These tags displays the enclosed text in bold. <i>
</i> These tags displays the enclosed text in italics.<sub>
</sub> These tags display the enclosed text as a subscript. <sup>
</sup> These tags display the enclosed text as a superscript. <tt>
</tt> These tags displays the enclosed text in a monospace font.<big>
</big> which makes the text bigger and <small> </small>
which makes the text smaller <br> forces following text to a new
lineBBCodeBBCode is a special implementation of HTML
(found in message boards for example). BBCode itself is similar in style to HTML:
tags are enclosed in square braces [ and ] rather than < and > and it offers
greater control over what and how something is displayed. ListsYou
can create unordered lists such, vbcvbcvbcvbcvb
and ordered lists in html, 43543435354353To
create an unordered list use these tags,<ul><li> </li></ul><ul>
<li>bnvnb</li> <li>vbnvn</li> <li>vbvbn</li>
</ul> To create an ordered list use these tags,<ol><li></li></ol><ol>
<li>45665e</li> <li>456456</li> <li>45645</li>
</ol> TablesThe table tag in html is, <table>
</table> And you can format the table with these options,
border cellpadding cellspacing frame
width core event align bgcolor
An example of a formatted table is thus,<table width="760"
border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center">
<tr> <td width="760" height="105"></td>
</tr> </table>Internet ExplorerBasicsBelow
are some common elements in Internet Explorer, Favorites -
Add favorite pages to a list so you can have quick and easy access to them laterAddress
bar - Go to a Web page by typing a Web address (URL).Refresh
- Make sure you have the latest version of the current Web page.
Links bar - Add shortcuts to Web pages and even to folders on your computer
for quick access.History - Saves all the websites you have visited.Temporary
files - saves all the images and files of a web page so it loads faster when
you revisit.Restoring default settingsFor
windows, Open the Internet icon from the Control Panel in your Start
menu, or open Internet Explorer, select the Tools menu and then select Internet
options.This should open the Internet Options Properties window.Click
on the Advanced tab.At the bottom of the window their will be a Restore
Defaults button.Click the Restore Defaults button.Click the
OK button.Turn off images on web pagesFrom Internet
Explorer, Select the "Tools" menu. Select
"Internet Options". On the "Internet Options" page
click on the "Advanced" page tab. Scroll through the various
headings in the "Advanced" page and look for the "Multimedia"
heading. Untick "Show Pictures" and click "OK"Keyboard
Shortcuts <Alt><LeftArrow> - Page back.
<Alt><RightArrow> - Page forward. <Esc>
Stop webpage loading F1 - Display Internet Explorer Help, or when
in a dialog box, display context Help on an item. F11 - Toggle
between full-screen and regular views of the browser window. TAB
- Move forward through the items on a Web page, the Address bar, and the Links
bar. SHIFT+TAB - Move back through the items on a Web page,
the Address bar, and the Links bar. ALT+HOME - Go to your
Home page. ALT+RIGHT ARROW - Go to the next page. ALT+LEFT
ARROW or BACKSPACE - Go to the previous page. SHIFT+F10
- Display a shortcut menu for a link. CTRL+TAB orF6 - Move
forward between frames. SHIFT+CTRL+TAB - Move back between
frames. UP ARROW - Scroll toward the beginning of a document.
DOWN ARROW - Scroll toward the end of a document. PAGE
UP - Scroll toward the beginning of a document in larger increments.
PAGE DOWN - Scroll toward the end of a document in larger increments.
HOME - Move to the beginning of a document. END
- Move to the end of a document. CTRL+F - Find on this page.
F5 or CTRL+R - Refresh the current Web page. CTRL+F5
- Refresh the current Web page, even if the time stamp for the Web version and
your locally stored version are the same. ESC -
Stop downloading a page. CTRL+O or CTRL+L - Go to a new location.
CTRL+N - Open a new window. CTRL+W -
Close the current window. CTRL+S - Save the current page.
CTRL+P - Print the current page or active frame. ENTER
- Activate a selected link. CTRL+E - Open the Search bar.
CTRL+I - Open the Favorites bar. CTRL+H -
Open the History bar. CTRL+click - In the History or Favorites
bars, open multiple folders.AutoCompleteYou can configure
AutoComplete to save and suggest only the information you want. You can choose
whether to use AutoComplete for Web addresses, forms, and passwords, or not use
it all. You can also clear the history for any of these. In Internet
Explorer, on the Tools menu, click Internet Options. Click the Content
tab. Under Personal information, click AutoComplete. Select
the check boxes for the AutoComplete options you want to use. Adding
bookmarks or favoritesYou can create a shortcut to your most visited
web pages by using the favorites button in Internet Explorer or bookmark button
in netscape navigator, or the Favorites menu in Internet Explorer. Both browsers
allow you to edit your bookmarks. Adding bookmarks can save you browsing time.Downloading
images, programs and mulitmedia filesTo download images, programs and
mulitmedia files right click on the link if you're using windows. A menu will
appear that will allow you to "Download" or "Save" the file
to disk.Cookies Cookies are small files that a website can
store on your hard disk containing whatever data the site chooses. This means
that when you revisit say a website forum and you entered member information it
will be saved. This can save. The only downside some people see is that cookies
can be used to help track where you go and what you do online.Enable
or disable cookiesTo disable cookies, scroll down to your version of
Internet Explorer and follow the steps provided:Internet Explorer 5.0 and
Internet Explorer 5.5: 1. Click on Start, Settings and Control Panel.
2. Double-click on Internet Options. 2. Click the Security tab. 3. Click
Custom Level, scroll down to 'Cookies' and select Disable. 4. Click OK and
then OK again. Disabling cookies will prevent you from viewing some Web
sites such as forums and many ecommerce websites.How to delete cookiesIf
you want to view and delete the list of cookies stored on your PC from Web sites
you've visited, you can do so via Internet Explorer, as follows:To view
or delete cookies stored on your computer: Go to Tools > Internet
Options > GeneralThen you can either edit, delete or view your cookies
from here.How to delete web browser historyInternet
Explorer automatically keeps a 'history' of all Web sites you've visited recently.If
you wish to delete this list of Web sites for privacy reasons, you can do so as
follows:To delete your Web browser history: 1. Click your Windows Start
button. 2. Click Settings. 3. Click Control Panel. 4. Double-click
Internet. 5. Click Clear History. 6. Click Yes.Problems loading
a web page Sometimes you can have problems loading a website page,
due to it loading very slow or not at all. Most times this is the fault of the
actual website in question. But if it isn't then the best thing you can do is
press stop in you browser, then control and refresh together. Close
all programsWindows 2000 and Windows XP:1. Hold down
the Ctrl and Alt keys simultaneously on the keyboard and press the Delete key.
This will open the Windows Task Manager screen which will list all the programs
running on the computer. Ensure you are on the 'Applications' tab. 2. From
that list of programs, its is only necessary to keep running Explorer, Systray
and RunDll, if they appear. 3. Highlight the first program in that list that
isn't any of the necessary items above and click on End Task. 4. Another
window may appear, saying 'This program is not responding', click End Now.
5. Repeat the same steps to close the programs until only Explorer and Systray
(and RunDll if present) remain in the list. 6. To close the Windows Task
Manager click the X in the top right corner of the window. Windows
98SE and Windows ME:1. Hold down the Ctrl and Alt keys simultaneously
on the keyboard and press the Delete key. This will open the Close Program screen
which will list all the programs running on the computer. 2. From that list
of programs, its is only necessary to keep running Explorer, Systray and RunDll,
if they appear. 3. Highlight the first program in that list that isn't any
of the necessary items above and click on End Task. This will return you to the
desktop. 4. Another window may appear, saying 'This program is not responding',
click End Task. 5. Repeat the same steps to close the programs until only
Explorer and Systray (and RunDll if present) remain in the list. Repair
Internet Explorer If Internet Explorer is corrupted, it can cause problems
accessing Web sites. It is not always possible to repair Internet Explorer
but you could try the following steps to see if it helps:Instructions for
most windows versions of Explorer,1. Close all programs down then click
Start, Settings and Control Panel. 2. Double-click Add/Remove Programs.
3. Select Microsoft Internet Explorer from the list and click Add/Remove.
4. Select the option for Repair Internet Explorer. 5. When prompted, click
OK and then Yes. When finished, click Yes to restart your computer.If this
does not work, fails to repair or the option to repair is not available, you could
try reinstalling Internet Explorer from your Windows CD-ROM.Can't access
a secure websiteThis error message may appear if you have previously
set up Microsoft Content Advisor. This is a built-in feature of Microsoft Internet
Explorer, designed to let you control the type of Web sites that can be accessed
from your computer.Disable Content Advisor 1. Click on Start,
Settings and Control Panel. (Windows XP users, click Start and Control Panel.)
2. Double-click on Internet Options. (Windows XP users may need to click Switch
to Classic View in order for this option to be visible.) 3. Click on the 'Content'
tab. The top section will be called Content Advisor. 4. Click Disable.
5. You will be prompted for a password. If you know what the password is type
it in and click OK. A message will appear saying 'Content Advisor has been turned
off'. 6. Click OK to close this window. 7. Click OK again to close Internet
Options. Broken images on web pages If an image doesn't load
on a webpage, it will come up as a broken graphic in most web browsers. The only
solution to this in Internet Explorer is right click with your mouse and then
view image. If this fails then it's the websites problem.View a website
offlineUsing Microsoft Internet Explorer it's possible to view Web
pages when you're disconnected from the Internet.For full instructions
on how to do this:1. Double-click the Internet Explorer icon on your Windows
desktop (also available by clicking on your Windows Start button, then Programs).
2. Go to the Help menu and choose Contents and Index. 3. Look for a section
entitled Browsing Web pages Offline, which will contain the instructions you need.Translate
web pagesGoogle and the major search engines now offer a web page translation
service. Google's language tools provide a way to translate any web page between
any of several languages. Machine translation is difficult to do well and tends
not to be as clear as human translation. But it can give you the gist of what
the website has written on it's pages.Blocking websitesFor
windows, In Control Panel, open Internet Options. On
the Content tab, under Content Advisor, click Enable. If you've
already enabled Content Advisor, click Settings, and then type the supervisor
password.Click the Approved Sites tab, type the Internet address (URL)
of a Web site, and then choose whether you want others to always or never have
access to this site. Repeat this process for each Web site that
you want to set access for.Specify fonts for websitesFor
Internet Explorer, On the Tools menu in Internet Explorer, click Internet
Options. On the General tab, click Accessibility. Change
the settings as needed. EmailHow
does it work?When you send an email the following actions are taken:
the destination mail server is determined by asking the DNS-server
which server is responsible for the domain. An email domain is the part
after the @-sign in the e-mail address such as yahoo.co.uk An SMTP
connection is made to that mail server Then the email gets transferred
to the recipient's mailbox. The recipient will then find the email
in either their POP3 or IMAP-client.POP3Short for Post
Office Protocol, POP3 is a protocol that allows mail clients to retrieve mail
from a mailbox on a mail server. The POP protocol is most commonly used by client
programs such as Outlook Express.IMAPShort for Internet Message
Access Protocol, IMAP is a protocol that allows mail clients to retrieve mail
from a mailbox on a mail server. The latest version, IMAP4, is similar to POP3
but supports some additional features. It allows a mailbox to have several subfolders,
and it also allows a mail client to receive a list of the mails. What
Are Attachments?These are files added to an email, which could be an
image, a text document, a zip file etc. There will usually be a limit to the file
size of any attachments you make, as most email services should not be used as
an extension of your hard disk.To attach a file to a new post, simply click
the button at the bottom of the post composition page, and locate the file that
you want to attach from your local hard drive.Sometimes only certain types
of files may be attached: these are the valid file extensions for files to be
attached such as gif jpg png txt zip bmp jpeg.After emailing, the attachment
will show up in the body of your message. To view the contents of the attachment
(if it is not already displayed) simply click the filename link that appears next
to the attachment icon .Address BookAn email 'Address Book'
is an online contact manager similar to a paper or desktop address book but with
many more features and functions. Use it to store all of your contact information
about individuals and companies. Because it's online, you can access it with an
Internet connection from anywhere in the world. In addition to being fully searchable,
most email Address Books lets you group your contacts into categories, making
it quick and easy to find a specific contact or view a subset of your records.Adding
address to Outlook Express (IE 5)Outlook Express allows you to add
a new email account to your existing profile. From the Tools menu,
choose "Accounts." Select the "Mail" tab.
Click the "Add" button. From the Add menu, click
"Mail." In the text box labeled Display Name, type your
name and click "Next." In the Email Address box, type
your Mail address and click "Next." Under "My incoming
mail server is a..." select "POP3." Type "pop.mail.addressname.co.uk"
in the Incoming Mail (POP3, IMAP, or HTTP) Server box. Type "smtp.mail.addressname.co.uk"
in the Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server box. Click "Next."
In the Account Name box, type your Mail ID (your email address without
the "@addressname.co.uk"). In the Password box, type your
Mail password. If you want Outlook Express to remember your password,
check the "Remember password" box. Do not check the boxes
labeled "Log on using Secure..." Click "Next."
Click "Finish."Adding address to Netscape
Messenger 4 and higher From the Edit menu on the toolbar, select
"Preferences." Under the Mail & Newsgroups category
on the left, select "Mail Servers." If you don't see "Mail Servers,"
click the plus sign (+) to display more categories. Click "Add"
to display the Mail Server Properties dialog box. Type pop.mail.addressname.co.uk
in the Server Name box. Under Server Type, click the pull-down list
and select "POP3 Server". Under User Name, type your Mail
ID (your email address without the "@addressname.co.uk"). Check
"Remember password" so you don't have to re-enter your password each
time you start Messenger. You'll be prompted for your password initially.
If you want to keep messages in your Mail account once they are retrieved,
select the "POP" tab and check the box labeled Leave messages on server.
Click OK. Type smtp.mail.addressname.co.uk in the
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server box. In the Outgoing Mail Server User
Name box, type your Mail ID (your email address without the "@addressnameco.uk").
Under the Mail & Newsgroups category on the left, select "Identity."
In the Email Address box, type your Yahoo! Mail address (be sure
to include "@addressname.co.uk"). Click "OK."
SpamWhats is spam ? The sending of unsolicited
emails, which provoke complaints from the recipients. Email harassment
of other Internet users. Posting articles containing binary encoded data
to non-binary newsgroups. Posting commercial ads to USENET newsgroups
that do not permit it. Excessive and repeated posting of off-topic
messages to newsgroups. Excessive and repeated Cross-Posting. What
are headers?Headers are in all e-mails and contain a record of the
route taken by the email. Every email comes with a header, but most people have
a basic header which says who the message is from, who the message is to, if anyone
was "Cc"ed the message, the Subject and the Date. A full header gives
you the record of information that the email took from to get to you. So it will
tell you where it came from. If you'd like to see the "Full Header",
then click on "Show Full Headers" when you're reading your message.
It's available in most email services.Web
DesignActive Server Pages (ASP) Microsoft's ASP (Active
Server Pages) is a way to combine HTML, scripts written in JavaScript or VBScript,
and ActiveX controls to dynamically serve HTML. When a browser requests an ASP
page from a Microsoft Web server, the server interprets the ASP code and sends
the resulting HTML to the requesting browser. (The browser receives only HTML,
not ASP code.) A block of ASP code begins with <% and ends with %>. ActiveX
controlsActiveX controls (formerly known as OLE controls) are reusable
components, somewhat like miniature applications, that can act like browser plugins.
They run in Internet Explorer with Windows, but they don't run on the Macintosh
or in Netscape Navigator. FTPFile
Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a means of transferring files over the Internet directly
from one computer to another. "FTP sites" are public computer systems
with large amounts of files such as software, games, pictures, etc. freely available
for public download. Nowadays, many major download sites are also accessible via
the Web , so usually the only time you'll need to use FTP directly is if you've
created your own Web page and you want to upload it to your website host.ASCII
Used for text file transferring. (The end-of-line character is different
on different types of computers; using ASCII mode ensures that the end-of-line
character is translated properly.). If you know that the FTP site you are transferring
to or from is running the same operating system as your local system, you can
always use binary mode and never use ASCII. ASCII Transfer ModeThe
ASCII transfer mode treats a file as text, and should be used for all ASCII (text)
files. ASCII transfer mode translates the end-of-line characters during transfer
so that the file can be read on the destination system. (ASCII mode contrasts
with binary mode in which characters are not translated, but are transferred as
exact duplicates of the original.)ChmodBasically CHMOD refers
to setting the access privledges for a file. The chmod (UNIX) command appears
only when one or more files or folders are selected in the Remote System list.
When you select chmod, you see a dialog box where you can specify the most common
UNIX file attributes. The two most common settings, are 755 and 777. You must
have write permission on the FTP site and the site must support the "SITE
chmod" command. This is normally valid only on UNIX-based systems. The selected
items do not reflect the current permissions of the file.Passive TransfersNormally,
when you connect to an FTP site, the site establishes the data connection to your
PC (the client). However, if the site allows passive transfers, you can have your
PC establish the data connection.Remote HostA remote system
is the host computer, or FTP site, to which your PC connects; the remote system
can be located in your office or somewhere else.Winsock DLLThe
Winsock (Windows Sockets) dynamic link library is a specification for the Microsoft
Windows API (applications programming interface). Software providers useWinsock
as a guideline for developing network software.To access FTP sitesIn
the Address bar, type the Internet address (URL) for the FTP site you want to
connect to. For example: ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Do one or more of
the following: To download a file or folder, right-click the
item on the page, and then click Copy to Folder. To log on as a
different user to this FTP site, on the File menu, click Login As. To
rename or delete items in an FTP folder, or paste items into an FTP site (upload),
you can use the same commands and actions you use with Windows Explorer or My
Computer. NetiquetteWhen
posting on web forums or websites it is best to stick to these rules if you want
to be liked, Dont post in CAPITAL LETTERSDont use someone
else's name and pretend to be them.Dont spam message boards or chat rooms
with useless or repeated messages.Dont try to obtain or use someone else's
password.Dont try to obtain personal information about someone.Dont
post or distribut material that is deemed illegal.Dont use abusive or
threatening language.Dont post racist remarks regarding peoples sex,
race or gender.Chat AbbreviationsWhen chatting online
by programs such as ICQ most prople use abbreviations, here are some common ones,
lol - Laughing Out Loudm8 -matejk - just kidding brb
- be right backasap- as soon as possible bbs - be back
soon cu - see you imco - in my considered opinion
imho - in my humble opinion lmao - laughing my a**
off lmso - laughing my socks off EmoticonsWhen
posting on forums and using chat programs many people use emotions, examples of
these are below, :-) - happy :-e - disappointed :-(
- sad :-< - mad :-o - surprised :-D - laughing ;)
- winkDownloadingHow
to downloadDownloading is very simple, you either click the hyperlink
download link or place your cursor over the hyperlink and save as. Macintosh users:
Click and hold the mouse button until the pop-up box appears.Scanning
DownloadsBefore downloading files from the Internet, it's always best
to scan the file with a virus scanner. One of the common ways to be infected with
a virus is from email attachments or downloads.Common download file
typesWhen downloading a file from the Internet there are many different
types.The most common compressed files have these extensions, .zip
.sit.tarThe most common graphics file formats,
.jpg .gifFor video files, popular extensions are
.avi.ram .mpg (mpeg), which is platform-independent, but
requires its own player, and .mov and .gt (Quicktime) The
most popular sound file format are, these days is .mp3.aiff.wav.raGNU
General Public License GNU General Public License has been developed
to guarantee freedom to share and change free software.Resource for
downloads - downloads.com,
tucows.Internet
ConnectionsSetting up a dial-up connection (windows)Depending
on your windows version you can setup a connection to the Internet, for xp
Click on the 'Start Menu', then choose 'Control Panel' and double click on
the 'Network Connections' icon.Under 'Network Tasks' choose 'Create a
new connection'. This will launch the 'New Connection Wizard'. Click 'Next' Choose
the 'Connect to the Internet' option, click 'Next'. At this screen, choose
'Set up my connection manually', click 'Next'. At this screen, choose
'Connect using a dial-up modem', click 'Next'. In the 'Connection Name'
box type a name for the new connection, such as 'ISP name', then click the 'Next'
button. In the 'Phone number to dial' box, enter 'dialup isp number'
then click the 'Next' button. In the 'Username' box, enter your isp usernam
and password. At the final window you can add a desktop shortcut to your
connection by ticking 'Add a shortcut to this connection to my desktop'. Other
windows operating system versions will have a very similar setup process.Why
is my connection so slow?DialupFirst thing to check for is static
on the line, BT offer a line checking /repair service. But today for a truly fast
connection to the Internet, you should consider broadband connection. 56K connections
for dialup connections are rare, because your phone line connection must be excellent.
The best are about 45k.A "56K" modem is about 56,000 bits per second.
That's 7,000 bytes per second. MP3 music files for example are several million
bytes in size, can take close to ten minutes to download.Broadband ProblemsA
network cable is unpluggedIf you are getting disconnected from broadband
and getting the error "A network cable is unplugged", it usually means
a problem with the BT Voyager 100 usb adsl modem.The solution is,To
turn off your pc and then disconnect you adsl modem from your pc and the phone
socket. Then reboot your machine and hopefully your connection will be fine. Otherwise
contact your isp.ExtensionsIf the adsl modem is too far away
from the phone socket, you may need to use an extension. The maximum reliable
distance from the main house socket would be 13 metres for broadband. Plug the
extension cable into the filter. Do not plug the extension directly into the phone
socket, always go through the filter. Then plug the extension cable directly into
the broadband
modemForumsWhy should I register?The
majority of forum administrators will require that you register as a member to
do any of the following, Have full access to all the categories.Create
and reply to threads.Edit your posts, you cannot usually alter the title
of a created thread. After other people have responded to your reply the forum
package will usually print a date and time the post was edited.Allow
you to search the database of threads and posts, to search for members and read
all their threads and posts.Sent and receive private members with other
members.Create a signature, profile and upload avatar pics to the gallery.
All you will need to do to register is provide a username, password
and valid email address on the register form. Sometimes the registration process
will finish at this stage, or only require you to respond to an activation email,
but sometimes it will require a manual acceptance by the admin.Why have
some of the words in my post been blanked-out?Certain words may have
been censored by the administrator. If your posts contain any censored words,
they will be blanked-out like this: ****. The same words are censored for all
users, and censoring is done by a computer simply searching and replacing words.
It is in no way 'intelligent'. Words blanked out are usually offensive
words.What Are Moderators?Moderators oversee specific forums.
They generally have the ability to edit and delete posts, move threads, and perform
other manipulations. Becoming a moderator for a specific forum is usually rewarded
to users who are particularly helpful and knowledgeable in the subject of the
forum they are moderating. They are basically like policeman for online
forums.What are message icons?Most forums have enabled message
icons for new threads, posts and private messages. Message icons allow you to
specify a small icon to accompany your posting, which is used to convey the emotion
or content of a post at a glance. If you do not see a list of message icons when
you are composing your message or post, the administrator has disabled the option.What
are smilie?Smilies are small graphical icons which you can insert into
your messages to convey an emotion or feeling, such as a joke or embarrassment.
A smiley can easily portray if something was a joke, just simply insert the 'wink'
smilie. If you have used email or internet chat systems such as MSN Messenger
or ICQ, you will probably be familiar with the concept of smilies already. Certain
combinations of text characters are converted into smilies. For example,:) is
converted into a smiling face. To understand smilie codes, tilt your head to the
left and look at the text: you will see that :) represents two eyes and a smiling
mouth.Using Special TextMost forums allow special text, common
code for this is, Bold [b]bold text[/b] Italic [i]italic
text[/i] Center [center] centers text on a line[/center] Small
[small]Small text[/small] URL [url]http://www.webfaq.co.uk[/url]
Quote [quote]icq number[/quote] Fixed [fixed]Fixed
Pitch Font[/fixed] PreFormated [pre]Preformated Fixed Pitch Font[/pre]
Code [code]Code for preformatted text[/code] List
[ol] or [ul] Start order or unorder list. Close with [/ol] or [/ul] Font
size 1 [1]Font Size 1[/1] Font size 2 [2]Font Size 2[/2] Font
size 3 [3]Font Size 3[/3] Font size 4 [4]Font Size 4[/4] Font
size 5 [5]Font Size 5[/5] What is a signature?A signature
is something that will be displayed at the bottom of every post you make. You
can change your signature on the profile page of most forum packages.Typical
signatures are quotes from famous people such as,“I only hope that
we never lose sight of one thing–that it was all started by a mouse.”
- Walt DisneyWhat are Announcements?Announcements often contain
important information and you should read them as soon as possible. Announcements
appear at the top of every page in the forum to which they are posted. Whether
or not you can post an announcement depends on the permissions required, which
are set by the administrator.Forum Packages - phpbb,
minibb, vbulletin,UsenetUsenet
was created in 1979 and is the name for organisation of newsgroups. Usenet is
the set of machines that exchange articles tagged with one or more universally-recognized
labels, called newsgroups. You can newsgorups for just about any subject, but
the main areas are, comp - topics in computer science, software
sources, and information on hardware and software systems. misc
- subjects include fitness, job hunting, law, and investments. sci
- special knowledge relating to research in or application of the established
sciences. soc groups primarily addressing social issues and socializing.
talk - groups largely debate-oriented. news -
concerned with the news network. rec - oriented towards hobbies
and recreational activities.Online forums for subjects - users-[2],
discussion-[2]SummeryUsenet
"newsgroups" are the Internet equivalent of message boards. There are
literally thousands of newsgroups, each devoted to a different topic.
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